Contributions to the theory of natural selection. A series of essays ... By Alfred Russel Wallace ...

86 MIMICRY, AiD OTHER PROTECTIVE
bands or stripes. One of these, Danais niavius, is
exactly imitated both by Papilio hippocoon and by
Diadlema anthedon; another, Danais echeria, by Papilio cenea; and in Natal a variety of the Danais is
found having a white spot at the tip of wings, accompanied by a variety of the Papilio bearing a corresponding white spot. Acrsea gea is copied in its very
peculiar style of colouration by the female of Papilio
eynorta, by Panopmea hirce, and by the female of Elymnias phegea. Acrtea euryta of Calabar has a female
variety of Panopea hirce from the same place which
exactly copies it; and Mr. Trimen, in his paper on
3limetic Analogies among African Butterflies, published
in the Transactions of the Linnean Society for 1868,
gives a list of no less than sixteen species and varieties
of Diadema and its allies, and ten of Papilio, which in
their colour and markings are perfect mimics of species
or varieties of Danais or Acraea which inhabit the same
districts.
Passing on to India, we have Danais tytia, a butterfly with semi-transparent bluish wings and a border of
rich reddish brown. This remarkable style of colouring is exactly reproduced in Papilio agestor and in
)Diadema nama, and all three insects not unfrequently
come together in collections made at Darjeeling. In
the Philippine Islands the large and curious Idea
leucon6e with its semi-transparent white wings, veined
and spotted with black, is copied by the rare Papilio
idoeoides from the same islands.
In the [Malay archipelago the very common and