The works of Francis Bacon, lord chancellor of England.

146 ANALYSIS OF THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.
2. Pure mathematics cure many intellectual defects. "Radius directus," which is referred to nature,
If the wit be too dull, they sharpen it; if "Radius refractus," which is referred to God;
too wandering, they dfixit; if too inherent in and cannot report truly because of the inequathe sense, they abstract it. So that as tennis lity of the medium: there resteth "Radius
is a game of no use in itself, but of great use reflexus," whereby man beholdeth and contemin respect it maketh a quick eye and a body plateth himself.
ready to put itself into all postures; so in
the mathematics, that use which is collateral UMAN PHILOSOPHY, OR THE KNOWLEDGE O01
IAnl........................... 201
and intervenient is no less worthy than that
which is principal and intended.. The knowledge of men deserves more accurate investigation, because it touches us more nearly.
Mixed Mathematics.......... 199 2. The knowledge of man is to man the end of all
1. Its subject is some axioms or points of natural phi- knowledge: but of nature herself a portion
losophy, and considers quantity determined, as only.
auxiliary and incident to them, as perspective, All partitions of knowledge should be acmusic, architecture, &c. cepted rather for lines and veins, than for
2. They will increase as nature is more disclosed. sections and separations; that the continuance
and entireness of knowledge be preserved.
OPERATIVE NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 3. Division of human philosophy.
1. It is the production of effects. 1. Man as an individual.
2. Division. 2. Man as a member of society.
1. Experimental.
2. Philosophical. MAN AS v IDIVIDUAL.
3. Magical. 1. Division.
3. Of the analogy between this division and the divi- i. The undivided state of man.
sion of speculative natural philosophy... 199 1. Discovery.
4. The knowledge of physical causes will lead to new 2. Impression.
particulars. 2. The divided state of man.
Magical. Discovery.
1. Natural magic is defective............... 199 1. The art of ascertaining the state of the mind from the
2 Appendices hereto are, appearance of the body, as physiognomy, &c.
1st. A calendar of inventions. 2. The art of ascertaining the state of the body from
2d. A calendar of discoveries which may the appearance of the mind, as exposition of
lead to other inventions..... 199 dream's, &c.
The invention of the mariner's needle, which Physiognomy............ 201
giveth the direction, is of no less benefit for 1. The discovery of the mind from the appearance of
navigation than the invention of the sails, the body.
which g~ive the motion. 2. Aristotle has laboured physiognomy as far as relates
3 Conclusion of natural'philosophy, speculative and to the countenance at rest; but not when in
operative. motion.
The voice of nature will consent, whether 3. The lineaments of the body disclose the general inthe voice of man do or not. And as Alexan- clinations of the mind: the motions its present
der Borgia was wont to say of the expedition.
of the French for Naples, that they came with A number of subtle persons, whose eyes do
chalk in their hands to mark up their lodgings, dwell upon the faces and fashions of men, do
and not with weapons to fight: so I like bet- well know the advantage of this observation,
ter that entry of truth which cometh peace- as being most part of their ability.
ably, with chalk to mark up those minds
which are capable to lodge and harbour it, Impression.
than that which cometh with pugnacity and 1. It is the science of the relative action of the body
contention. and mind upon each other.
Of Doubts.............. 200 2. Of the action of the body on the mind.
1. This has been inquired as a part of medicine.
1. Division of" doubts. 2. The doctrine that the body acts upon the
1. Particular. mind does not derogate from the soul's
2. Total.
2. Particular doubts. dignity.
21..Uses registening doubts. The infant in the mother's womb is corn
2. Of the evil of continuing doubts, patible with the mother and yet separable,
and the most absolute monarch is sometimes
That use of wit and knowledge is to be al-servants and yet without subjection.
lowed, which laboureth to make doubtful 3. The action of the mind on the body.
things certain, and not those which labour to 1. Physicians have ever considered "accidenmake certain things dosubtful. tia animi," as of great importance.
Of a Calendar of Popsular Errors. 2. The power of imagination as well to help
as to hurt is a subject neglected, but deGeneral doubts, or those differences of opinions, touch- serving inquiry
ing the principles of nature which have caused It cannot be concluded that because there be
the diversities of sects. s............p. 200 Pestilent airs, able suddenly to kill a man in
Thus have we now dealt with two of the
three beams of man's knowledge; that is I See note (P) at the end of this Treatise