Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.

CHINA, MONGOLIA, AND JAPAN. 85 Porphyry of a similar character occurs at several points on the island. Ascending the creek, greenstone was found to succeed to the argillaceous rock, and seems to be the only formation for at least several miles up the valley. In this are the copper bearing veins, six or eight inches thick, of quartz, containing iron and copper-pyrites, a little zincblende, and some calcspar in cavities. The mine had only been opened a short distance. Near the house there is a warm spring, with a temperature of 48~ C., rising in the argillaceous rock. June 4th. Leaving Kakumi, in the afternoon, we rode about three miles to the fishing village of Wosatzube. Just east of the village is a promontory formed by an outcrop of beds of black hornstone. Fig. 11 Hornstone Strata. Cape Wosatzube. This rock is stratified in well-defined layers from a few inches to several feet in thickness. It has a velvety-black color, more rarely with lighter shades, breaks with conchoidal fracture, and shows, when wetted, a lamellar structure the layers of which are thin as paper, of black and dark-gray shades. In places it is slightly brecciated, the interstices being filled with opalescent chalcedony in layers of infiltration. I may add that the Japanese mining officials who accompanied us, stated that a similar rock occurs in close connection with the coal beds on the eastern coast of Yesso. The trend of the strata at Wosatzube is N. 40 W., the general dip being northeasterly. Off the point just described is a spring which bubbles up from the bottom, very strongly at low water, and quite visibly at high tide. June 5th. The country east of Wosatzube being impassible for horses, we embarked in a boat propelled by sixteen rowers, and after a voyage of between three and four hours reached the fishing village of Totohoke. The scenery was very grand, as the coast is here formed by a wall several hundred feet high, and washed by the sea at its base. Innumerable waterfalls, some of them very high, and all beautiful, were seen at the heads of ravines, or falling like vils over the high coast bluffs. These cascades occur along the entire Japanese coast, and the early navigator Vriess mentions them at almost every step in his narrative. The rock forming this coast wall seems to be volcanic tufa-conglomerate, with lava dykes. On examining the rock of the bluff west of Totohoke, it was found to be indistinctly stratified and made up of round and angular fragments of trachytic lava inclosed in a gray matrix more or less hard, with earthy fracture, and contain

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Title
Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.
Author
Pumpelly, Raphael, 1837-1923.
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Page 97
Publication
[Washington,: Smithsonian institution,
1866]
Subject terms
Geology -- China
Geology -- Mongolia.
Geology -- Japan.

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"Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865." In the digital collection Making of America Books. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/ahe8439.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 28, 2025.
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