Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.

CHINA, MONGOLIA, AND JAPAN. 61
TABLE OF GOLD WASHINGS AND MINES.-Continued.
Province. Department. District. Place and circumstances of occurrence.
Kwangtung. Shauchau F. Yingte H. Gold.
Hwuichau F Hoyuen H. Gold at Lantienta.
Shauking F. Kaikien H. Gold at Kintsung.
"t it Kwangning H. Gold at Kinkung.
Hunan. Changsha F. ------ Gold.
Hangchau F. Gold.
Yuenchau F. G- - old.
Changteh F. ----- Gold.
Chin C. ----- Gold.
Tsing C. - - Gold.
Yochau F. ---- Gold.
Kwangsi. Liuchau F. Yung H. Gold.
is It" Laiping H. Gold.
Sz'ngan F. Pin C. Gold.
it it Tsienkiang H. Gold.
t d Shangling H. Gold.
Pingloh F. Pingloh H. Gold.
" it Yungngan C. Gold.
Wuchau F. Hwaitsih H. Wash gold in river at Kinngohshan 10 li W.
Sinchau F. Kwei H. Gold.
Nanning F. Hwang C. Gold mines.
Kweichau. Tungjin F. ------ Gold-sand washings 100 li W. in the Sungchi R.,
and 140 li W. in the Tichi R.
Tsuni F. Tungtsz H. Gold.
Yunnan. Tsuhhiung F. Yau C. Coarse gold in the upper Tayauho R.
" it Tsuhhiung H. Gold in the Yenshan.
Likiang F. --- Gold washed in many places in the Kinshakiang
for a distance of 500 li.
Yungchang F. - - Gold mines in the Changpangshai.
i"t ------ Gold washings in the Lantsan R.
Tungchuen F. - - Gold washings in the Kinshakiang.
Yungpeh (Ting) ----- Gold.
Before attempting to sketch the distribution- of the known formations of the
Chinese empire, I will give the principal reasons for assuming a general simplicity
in the geological structure of that country; for believing that the surface of the
Eighteen Provinces is made up almost exclusively of the following formations: the
Granito-metamorphic,l the Devonian limestone, the Triassic, Coal measures, and
the younger Tertiary and Post-tertiary deposits.
Wherever the rocks beneath the Devonian limestone were seen, in central and
in northern China, these were found to be either metamorphic schists, or granitoid
rocks, with the one exception of a thin bed of sandstone, already mentioned as underlying the limestone at the entrance to the Lukan gorge of the Yangtse. At the
Meiling pass, on the northern boundary of Kwangtung, the limestone is said to rest
on granite.
An exception to this rule exists, perhaps, along the coast range in southeastern
China, where the valley of the Canton river is said to expose an extensive formation of " graywacke" resting on granite.
By the Granito-metamorphic formation is here meant the stratified and non-stratified rocks of
different ages, older than the Devonian limestone.