Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.

CHINA, MONGOLIA, AND JAPAN. 55
Aulopora tubaeformis, Goldfuss; Spirifer Chechiel, De Koninck; Rhynchonella
Yuenamensis, De Koninck.
Some fossil brachiopods from Gouchouc, twenty leagues W. S. W. from Patang
on the Kinsha Kiang, and near the Tibet-Sz'chuen frontier, were determined by M.l
Guyerdet1 as follows: Terebratula cuboides, Sow, carb. and Devon., figured in
Descript. des Anim. foss. de la Belgique, De Koninck, 1842-1844, p. 285. Terebratula reticularis, Linne, Devonian; figured in Russia and the Ural mountains:
Murchison and v. Keyserling, II, 90. Terebratula pugnus, Martin; figured in
Sowerby, Conchyl. p1. ccccxcvii. Mr. Woodward has described an Orthoceras from
China.2
Hoshan (Fire Mountains).-These are without doubt burning seams of coal. One
of these burning mountains, called Hoyau, occurs 55 li N. W. of Kwangling in
Tatung (fu), Shansi.3
Sir R. I. Murchison speaks of some Upper Devonian fossils, from Sz'chuen, given
to him by Dr. W. Lockhart, as " identical in specific character with Spirifer Verneuilii, S. Archiaci, Productus subaculeatus, and other European forms."4
I was told by the Rev. Mr. Edkins that the island of Situngting in the Taihu
lake (west of Shanghai) contains fossiliferous limestone.
In the following table are given a large number of localities of coal and alum
(the latter is made in China, I believe, always from pyritiferous shales that accompany coal), to be used in locating the coal-bearing formation; and of indications of
limestone, as limestone-marbles, limestone, caves, stalactites, fossil brachiopods, etc.
These localities are in every instance, unless otherwise stated, taken from Chinese
geographical works, especially from the Tatsingytungchi, and the geographies of
the separate provinces.
This is followed by a table of salt wells in Yunnan and Sz'chuen, which will be
explained further on; and by a table of gold-bearing localities to assist in locating
the granito-metamorphic formation.
i Comtes Rendus. Acad. des Sciences, Paris, 1864, LVIII, No. 19, p. 878.
Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1856, p. 379. 8 Blot, in Journ. Asiat., 1840, October.
4 Siluria, p. 425. Lond. 1859.