Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.

CHINA, MONGOLIA, AND JAPAN. 11
northern edge, a bed of porphyry conglomerate, of great thickness, intervenes
between the limestone and the coal rocks, while the western portion of the basin
is much broken up by porphyries, and the centre is crossed by a high ridge apparently of quartzose conglomerate and sandstones.
Coal seams, varying in thickness and quality, occur in many parts of these
basins, and are worked in the more accessible localities, as, for instance, at Muntakau,
Maanshan, the hill of Piyiinsz, Lingchi on the Wangping creek and at Chaitang
in the west.
In the following necessarily incomplete table, I have attempted to show the structure of those parts of these basins that came under my observation:
Coal or anthracite alternating with beds of argillaceous shales, sandstones, ) Hsingshun
6 gray quartzose conglomerate-breccias and compact red and green and
argillites. Tatsau.
Alternating beds of coal, argillaceous shales, and sandstones.
Coal (Futau seam).
Black under-clay.
Micaceous quartzose sandstone.
Quartzose conglomerate.
Yellow argillaceous shale with impressions of plants.
Outcroppings concealed for several hundred feet by terrace loam.
Compact green argillite. n
Coarse gray sandstone and conglomerate.
Compact argillite, mottled green and red..d
Coarse gray sandstone.
Friable and argillaceous gray sandstone.
Red calcareous clay slate.
Greenish sandstone (with specks of chlorite).
Red calcareous clay slate.
Gray sandstone.
Red calcareous clay slate
Gray sandstone.
Green quartzose conglomerate.
Anagenite (quartz, feldspar, and mica sandstone).
Argillaceous shales and compact sandstones alternating with seams of an- Muntakau.
thracite.
r Ferruginous sandstone altered to quartzite. ]
Quartzose conglomerate.
d Anthracite. Maanshan.
Micaceous, and black argillaceous shales.
Calcareo-argillaceous shale. j
I Anthracite. Fangshan
3 Micaceous, and black argillaceous shale. at
Calcareo-argillaceous shale. Yingwo mine.
f Clay-slates (green, black and red). I
3 i Greenish sandstone passing into greenish quartzose conglomerate., Niuchauling.
i Argillaceous shale. j
2 Conglomerate of porphyry, limestone and quartz. } Hun Ito and
2 Porphyry conglomerate. Chaitang.
i Upper limestone. Upper Yangtse
1 Black clay slate. and Province
Lower limestone (cherty). i of Chihli.