Geological researches in China, Mongolia, and Japan, during the years 1862-1865.

APPENDIX. 121
In the specimens obtained by Mr. Pumpelly, fragments of a number of different fronds are shown,
all of about the same size, so we may conclude that the figure now given is a fair representation of
the plant.
Locality.-In brown sandstone, with Sphenopteris orientalis, from Sanyii, west of Peking.
PODOZAMITES LANCEOLATUS, Lindl. sp.
PLATE IX, Fig. 7.
Zamia lanceolata, LIND. & HUTT. Foss. Flor. Vol. III, fig. 4.
Zamites lanceolatus, MORRIS, An. Nat. Hist. 1841.
I have provisionally, and with doubt, referred a few pinnae of Podozamites, found in the collection,
to this species. These pinnae have almost precisely the form of those figured by Lindley, and are
longer and narrower than those of P. Emmonsii-being linear-lanceolate, with an acute long drawn
point, and an attenuated base.
In one character they differ from both the species to which I have referred; they seem to have been
thicker and more coriaceous than either-the nerves being so deeply buried in the parenchyma as to
be scarcely visible.
The distinctness of the nerves depends, however, on the surface of the leaflet exposed, and on the
manner of fossilization-coarse micaceous shales, like that which contains the impression before us,,
rarely showing the-nervation with distinctness.
The small number of the pinnae, of the character I have described, in the collection, renders it
difficult to determine, with accuracy, their specific relations. Their value, therefore, in a great degree,
consists in the evidence they give us of the presence of the genus to which they belong in the rocks
from which they were taken.
Locality.-Kwei basin on the Yangtse river, Province of Hupeh, China.
PODOZAMITES EMMONSII, Newb.'DLATE IX, Fig. 2.
P. fronde pinnata, pinnis distantibus integris alternis oppositisve, lanceolatis, apice attenuatis acutis, basi cuneatis,
nervis crebris.
This is, apparently, the same plant as that described and figured by Prof. Emmons (Geol. N. Car.
p. 331, pi. iii, fig. 7), under the name of P. lanceolatus; but that name having been appropriated
for another species from the Oolite of Europe, it becomes necessary to give it another.
The specimens which are contained in the collection brought by Mr. Pumpelly, consist mostly of
-letached pinnae, scattered in confusion over the surface of pieces of blue shale. These pinnae agree
perfectly in form and nervation with those of the Carolina plant. They are lanceolate in outline, and
rather abruptly narrowed to an acute termination at either end. The nerves are fine and numerous,
but distinctly visible, converging to a common point at the remote extremity. The rachis to which
all were, and a few are still attached, was slender, and striated longitudinally. The specimen figured
by Prof. Emmons is the basal portion of the frond where the rachis is strongest. Higher up this
character, to which he attaches some importance, would be lost. The Carolina plant is abundant in
the upper plant beds, where it is associated with several species supposed to be identical with some
from the Trias (Keuper) of Europe, such as Pecopteris Stutgardtensis, Laccopteris germinans, &c.;
it is, however, not quite certain that there are not also found there some species which are found in
the Jurassic of Europe. More careful study of this flora will be necessary before that question can
be settled; but the beds which contain P. Ernmonsii are now generally supposed to represent the
Keuper of Europe, and the evidence which this gives, as to the age of the Chinese rocks containing
it, so far as it goes, points to the same date for them.
Locality. —Kwei basin on the Yangtse river, Province of Hupel, China.
16 July, 1866.