Part I. Report of progress in 1869, by J. S. Newberry, chief geologist. Part II. Report of progress in the second district, by E. B. Andrews, assist. geologist. Part III. Report on geology of Montgomery County, by Edward Orton, assist. geologist.

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glass, &c. Some of the characteristic fossils of the Oriskany, spirifer
arenosus, &c., have been found in Indiana, near the Ohio line.
THE CORNIFEROUS LIMESTONE.
Above the Oriskany comes a stratum of buff limestone, fifty feet in
thickness, generally crowded with fossils, corals, shells, crinoids, &c.,
and in some localities altogether made up of masses and branches of
coral, representing, in fact, the coral reefs of the Devonian seas. Such
is its character on the islands of Lake Erie, and at the falls of the Ohio.
This formation is known to geologists as the Corniferous limestone, a
name given to it in New York, from the nodules of flint or hornstone
which it contains. The Corniferous limestone forms two lines of outcrop in
Ohio, one on each side of the great anticlinal axis to which I have before
referred. Of these outcrops, the most easterly includes Kelley's Island,
Marble Head and the country about Sandusky; thence running nearly
southerly to the Ohio River, but in the central portion of the State extending toward the west so as to include the region around Bellefontaine.
In the southern part of the State the Corniferous outcrop is gradually
narrowed; the formation diminishing in thickness as it approaches the
Ohio, where it disappears altogether.
On the other side of the anticlinal axis the corniferous belt crosses the
State line at Sylvania, thence sweeps round to Fort Defiance and passes
into Indiana at Antwerp. This is the rock upon which Columbus stands
and of which the State House is built. Its economic value is very great,
as is the interest attached to its fossil remains. It is perhaps the most
extensively employed for the manufacture of lime of all the rocks of the
State, and in certain localities it furnishes a building stone not inferior
in beauty and value to any other. The quarries of Mr. Clemens, on Marble Head, and those of Mr. Clark, of Delphos, Paulding county, may be
referred to as the source from which building stones are procured of special beauty and exeellence.*
The fossils contained in the Corniferous limestone are so varied and
numerous that I can only mention a few of the most interesting, the fishes,
to which I have already referred. These fishes form several genera and
species, one of which, Macrapetalichthys Sullivanti, was first obtained
from the quarries of Mr. Joseph Sullivant, near Columbus, and was
named in his honor. This was a large buckler-headed fish, of which the
cranium, composed of articulated plates, was sometimes fifteen inches in
length, and closely resembled that of the sturgeon. Another still more
These and all other important building stones of the State are represented in the
collections made by the Geological Corps during the last summer, in blocks eight
inches square and four inches thick.
2- G. S.