Part I. Report of progress in 1869, by J. S. Newberry, chief geologist. Part II. Report of progress in the second district, by E. B. Andrews, assist. geologist. Part III. Report on geology of Montgomery County, by Edward Orton, assist. geologist.

7
took pains to gather information in reference to our geology, and all had
to deplore the fact that this information was so meagre.
Finally, the great rebellion came upon us with all its horrors, and its
waste of life and treasure. For five years all the thoughts and energies
of the people were turned to the arts of war, and the arts of peace were
well-nigh forgotten. When, however, the struggle was over, and the nation's life, so eagerly sought and strongly imperilled, was saved, our citizen soldiers laid down their arms to return to plow and workshop, and
once more the processes of creation and conservation succeeded to those
of destruction.
Among the methods suggested for repairing the breaches of war, and
moving faster the retarded wheel of progress, was a geological survey; a
thorough investigation of the quality; quantity and distribution of each
of our mineral staples with a view to the expansion of all the wealthproducing industries based upon them.
This measure was recommended to the Legislature of 1869 in the annual
message of Governor Hayes, and was made the subject of a bill introduced
into the House of Representatives by Capt. Alfred E. Lee, of Delaware
county. This bill was subsequently passed in March, 1869, by a large
majority, irrespective of party, in both branches, and became a law, of
which the following is a copy:
LAW PROVIDING FOR A GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF OHIO.
SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio,
That the governor is hereby required to appoint, by and with the advice
and consent of the senate, a chief geologist, who shall be a person of
known integrity and competent practical and scientific knowledge of the
sciences of geology and mineralogy; and upon consultation with said
chief geologist and the like concurrence of the senate, the governor shall
appoint one or more suitable assistants, not exceeding three in number,
one of whom shall be a skillful analytical and agricultural chemist, the
said chief geologist and assistants to constitute a geological corps, whose
duty it shall be to make a complete and thorough geological, agricultural
and mineralogical survey of each and every county in the state.
SEC. 2. The said survey shall have for its objects:
1st. An examination of the geological structure of the state, including
the dip, magnitude, number, order and relative position of the several
strata, their richness in coals, clays, ores, mineral waters and manures,
building stone and other useful materials, the value of such materials for
economical purposes, and their accessibility for mining or manufacture.
2d. An accurate chemical analysis and classification of the various
soils of the state, with the view of discovering the best means of preserving and improving their fertility, and of pointing out the most beneficial and profitable modes of cultivation. Also a careful analysis of the
different ores, rocks, peats, marls, clays, salines and all mineral waters
within the state.
3d.I To ascertain by meteorological observations the local causes which
produce variations of climate in the different sections of the state. Also