Part I. Report of progress in 1869, by J. S. Newberry, chief geologist. Part II. Report of progress in the second district, by E. B. Andrews, assist. geologist. Part III. Report on geology of Montgomery County, by Edward Orton, assist. geologist.

110
The average fixed carbon in the above coals, is 57.43 per cent. It will
be noticed that the Briar Hill coal, from Chestnut Ridge, contains less
than the average quantity of water, and this fact increases the percentage
of the fixed carbon and other constituents. The Blue Chippewa coal,
from Massillon, contains 6.95 per cent. of water, and the quantity of fixed
carbon is 57.49 per cent., which is a little less than that of the two Jackson coals.
The Ashland or Co'alton coalt (No. 33) is a very successful furnace coal,
from Boyd county, Ky. Its percentage of fixed carbon is 54.28, while the
average of the great Nelsonville seam, from all the localities, is 55.79.
The proportion of fixed carbon in the Brazil coal, of Indiana, is less than
that of the Ashland coal, being 53.99 per cent.
In the light of all these facts, the very great excellence of the Nelsonville seam of coal must be conceded.
For the purpose of additional comparison, I give the results of the
analyses of a large number of British coals, used in the manufacture of
iron, taken from the Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, for the year 1863. They are taken from a very elaborate paper on the " Manufacture of Iron in connexion with the Northumberland and Durham Coal-fields," by Isaac Lowthian Bell, Mayor of
Newcastle:
Samples. Locality. * c
~o 0 ~C 30
4Q 0 a 0.
n k
18 Newcastle...... 1.256 82.15 5.31 1.35 1.24 5.69 3.77 60.67 56.90
36 Wales........ 1.315 83.78 4.79 0.98 1.43 4.15 4.91 72.62 67.71
8 Scotland....... 1 259 78.53 5.61 1.00 1.11 9.69 4.03 54.22 50.19
7 Derbyshire..... 1.192 79.68 4.94 1.41 1.01 10.28 2.65 59.32 56.67
In the above analyses we have all the different elements given separately. It will be noticed that the sulphur in the coals runs from 1.01 to
1.43. This is in excess of our better Ohio coals, as will be seen by referring to the analyses of Prof. Wormley. As the English iron manufacturers generally coke the coal, and, in the blast furnaces, they expel, in
coking, about one half of the sulphur. In regard to the coke used in the
celebrated Cleveland Iron District, England, Mr. Bell, from whom I have
first quoted, writes:-" To form an idea of the extent to which ash and
sulphur exist in the coke of the South Durham coal-field, the following
analyses are extracted from the Clarence Laboratory journal:
* I have given the fixed carbon, as ascertained by subtracting the ash from the coke.
The Welsh coals are partly anthracite, hence the large percentage of fixed carbon.
t The sulphur in table doubtless too high for average of the coal.-E. B. A.