The bases of the temperance reform: an exposition and appeal./ With replies to numerous objections. By Rev. Dawson Burns.

-4fppel/!ces.
perly examined, must satisfy every mind well informed in
medical science that the above opinion is altogether
erroneous. Man, in ordinary health, like other animals,
requires not any such stimulants, and cannot be benefited
by the habitual employment of any quantity of them,
large or small; nor will their use during his lifetime increase the aggregate amount of his labor. In whatever
quantity they are employed, they will rather tend to
diminish it. When he is in a state of temporary debility
from illness or other causes, a temporary use of them, as
of other stimulant medicines, may be desirable; but as
soon as he is raised to his natural standard of health, a
continuance of their use can do no good to him, even in
the most moderate quantities, while larger quantities
(yet such as by many persons are thought moderate) do,
sooner or later, prove injurious to the human constitution, without any exceptions. It is my opinion that the
above statement is substantially correct." This imiportant document was signed by Sir Benjamin Brodie, F.R.S.;
Dr. W. F. Chambers, F.R.S., Physician to the Queen;
Sir Jas. Clarke; Barnsby Cooper, F.R.S.; Dr. D. Davis,
Physician to the Duchess of Kent; Sir J. Eyre, M.D.;
Dr. R. Ferguson; Dr. M\Iarshall Hall, F.R.S.; Dr. J. Hope,
F.R.S.; C. A. Key; Dr. R. Lee, F.R.S.; Herbert Mayo,
F.R.S.; R. Partridge, F.R.S.; Richard Quain, Professor
of Anatomy in London University; Dr. A. T. Thomson;
R. Travers, F.R.S., Surgeon Extraordinary to the Queen;
Drs. Andrew and Alexander Ure, and, in all, by seventyeight members of the medical faculty in London and the
provinces, most of them men of distinction and authority
in the profession.
In I847, a second M,EDICAL CERTIFICATE, in whose com position several London physicians of the highest emi nence were concerned, was published by John Dunlop,
Esq., who had taken an active interest in its preparation,
and in securing signatures to it. These written adhe
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