The bases of the temperance reform: an exposition and appeal./ With replies to numerous objections. By Rev. Dawson Burns.

Aff ec/uat Stpcrvision impossible.
than beneficial." * The earnest resistance offered by the
publican interest to the clauses of the Government Bill
of I872 appointing inspectors, was a sufficient indication
of their knowledge of what their traffic is even visibly
bringing forth within the public-house itself. It is matter
of history that they were successful in this resistance,
and the nation will have to suffer from the amount of
evil that will thereby escape detection and punishment.
The drinking-shops of the United Kingdom are not
fewer than I30,000 (excluding unlicensed places, known
as shebeens, hush-houses, and by other names); and if
in retard to no single place the absence of direct tempta tions to intemperance can be safely affirmed, some nu mierical conjecture may be formed-though the mind is
unable to apprehend the aggregate-of the intemperance
which is bred and developed in all these licensed nurse ries of the evil. For the diminution of this vice many
thousands of good men are laboring, and numerous edu cational anrid temperance institutions are using efforts
with marked and visible effects; but no calculation can be
smore cAhimerzcal tian any which is fonnded on the Aower of
"cndzucaion" ta counteract or neutraize the agency of the
dvrzik-shofb int the froductizon of zinteen2erance. How is it
credible that the education which is to act by drawing
out the better nature, and which must act by slow de grees and in spite of numerous drawbacks and obstruc tions, should undo the educating work of the public house in drawing out the more sensual propecisitics of
man? When will the number of schools, mecha?ics' in stitutes, etc., equal that of the drinking-shops? When
will the same amount of money be expended in their
* Committee of Convocation's Report on Intemperance-Appendix K.-By
thle New Licensing Act the supply of liquors to constables is visited by a
penalty, for the first offence not exceeding ~io, and for the second offence
not exceeding ~20. It is obvious, however, that where the publican and
policemen are on the alert, the law may be long evaded with impunity.
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