The life of Napoleon Buonaparte, emperor of the French. By Sir Walter Scott.

1~ EPLIFE OF NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.
Murat appeared at the theatre with Lewinshoff, with his policy in 1798, when he had spared the
where the Iltalians, who had so lately seen the Rus- temporalities of thle Holy See. Totally indifferent as
sian and French banners placed in bloody oppesi- Napoleon was to religion in his personal capacity,
tion to each other, now beheld them formally unlited his whole conduct shows his sense of its importin presence of these dignitaries; in sign, it was ance to the existence of a settled and peaceful state
said, that thle tNso nations were combined for the of society.
peace of the world and general benefit of humanity. Besides evacuating the Ecclesiastical States, the
Untimely augury! How often after that period did Neapolitans were compelled by lMurat to restore
these standards meet in the bloodiest fields history vasious paintings, statules, and other objects of art,
ever recorded; and what a long and des perate which they had, in imitation of Bonaparte, taken
struggle was yet in reserve ere the general peace forcibly from the Romans,-so captivating is tile inso boldly predicted was at length restored! fluence of bad example. A French army, of about
The respect paid by the fi;'st consul to the wishes eighteen thousand mnen was to be quartered in Caof Paul slaved for the present the royal fantily of labria, less for the purpose of enforcing the condiNaples; but Murat, nevertheless, made them expe- tions of peace, than to save France the expense of
rience a full portion of the bitter cup which the supporting the troops, and to have them stationed
vanquished are generally doomed to swallow. Ge- where they might be embarked for Egypt at the
vneral Damas was commanded in the haughtiest terms shortest notice. The haybours of the Neapolitan
to evacuate tile Roman States, and not to presume dominions were of course to be closed against the
to claim any benefit from the armistice which had English. A cession of part of the isle of Elba, ansd
been extended to the Austrians. At the same time, the relinquishment of all pretensions upon.Tuscany,
while the Neapolitans were thus compelled hastily summed up the sacrifices of' the King of Naples,'to evacuate the Roman territories, general surprise who, considering how often he had braved Napowas exhibited, when, instead of marching to Rome, leon, had great reason to thank the Emperor of
and re-establishing the authority of the Roman Re- Russia for his effectual mediation in his fayour.
public, Murat, according to the orders which he had These various measures respecting foreign relareceived from the first consul, carefully respected tions, thle treaty of Luntville, the acquisition of the
the territory of the church, and reinstalled the of- good-will of the Emperor Paul, the restoration of
ficers of the pope in what had been long termed the Rome to the pope's authority, and the mildness
patrimony of St Peter's. This unexpected turn of of the penalty inflicted on the King of Naples, seenmcircullmstances originated in high policy on the part ed all to spriln from a sound and moderate system,
of Bonaparte. the object of which was rather the consolidation of
We certainly do Napoleon no injustice in sup- NapoleonL' governmlent, than any wish to extend its
posing, that personally he had little or no influential influence or its conquests. His plans, in after times,
sense of religion.'Some obscure yet rooted doc- often exhibited a mixture of the greatest good sense
trines of fatality seem, so far as we can judge, to and prudence, with rash and sptlenetic explosions of
have formed the extent of his metaphysical creed. an over-eager ambition, or a temper irritated by op-'We can scarce ternm him even a deist, and lie was position; but it is to be remembered that Bonaparte
anl absolute stranger to every modification of chris- was not yet so firm in thie authority which he had
tiall belief and worship. But he saw and valued but just acquired, as to encourage any display of the
the use of a national religion as an engine of state infirmities of his mind and temper.
policy. In Egypt, he was desirous of being thought His behaviour towards Portugal was, however,
an envoy of Heaven; and though uncircumcised, of a character deviating from the- moderation he
drinking wine and eating pork, still claimed to be lhad in general displayed. Portugal, the ancient and
accounted a follower of the law of the Prophet. faithful ally of England, was on that account th6l
H-le ihad pathetically expostulated with the Turks on especial object of the first consul's displeasure. He,
their hostility towards hini. The French, he said, therefore, demanded of the King of Spain, who,
had ceased to be followers of Jesus; and now that since the peace between the countries, had been the
they were almost, if not altogether, moslernah, scubnmissive vassal of' France, to declare wvar on the
wvould the true believers make war on those who Prince Regent of Portugal, although the husband of
ead overthrown the cross, dethroned the pope, and his daughter. War accordingly was declared, iln
extirpated the order of Malta, the sworn persecu- obedience to the mandate of the first consul, and the
tors of the moslem faith? 0; his return to France, Spanish armies, together uwith an auxiliary army of
all this was to be forgotten, or oiily remembered as French under Leclerc, entered Portlugal, toosk Olia trick played upon the infidels. He was, as we venza and Almeida, and compelled the Prince Re.
have said, aware of the necessity of a national faith gent, 6th of June, 1801, to sign a treaty, engaging to
to supl)port the civil government; and as, while in shut his ports against the English, and surreltder'ing
Egypt, he affected to have destroyed the catholic re-. to Spain Olivenza, and other places on the fiontier
ligion in honour of that of Mahommed, so, returned of the Guadiana. Bonaparte was highly disconto Europe, he was now desirous to becomle the re- tented with this treaty, to which hel would not
storer of the temporal territories of the pope, in order accedle: and he refiused, at the same time, to withto obtain such a settlement of church affairs in draw from Spain the army of Leclerc. On the 29th
France, as might procure for his owin government September, he condescended to grant Portugal
the countenance of the sovereign pontiff, allnd for him. peace under some additional terms, which were not
self an admission into the pale of christian princes. in themselves of much consequence, although the
T'his restitution was in some measure consistent overbearing and peremptory conduct which he exhi