Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PROPYLAEA. PROSCRIPTIO. 963
vals, wh-ich were held with a torch-nr;ce ill the (F(r fuller descriptions and restored views, see
Ceramicus (Harpocrat. 1. c.; Schol. ad Aristophl. Stuart, ii. 5; Leake, Topoq. c. 8;. iiller, Ar(?in. 131; conmp. LAMPADEPHORIA), for which clhiol. d. IKlust, ~ 109. n. 1, 3; and a beautiful
the gymnasiarchs had to supply the youths from elevation and plan in the Atlas to Kugler's Kuansttho gymnasia. Prometheus himself was believed geschichte, sect. 2. pl. 3. figs. 12, 13.)
to have instituted this torch-race, whence he was The, great temple at Eleusis had two sets of
called the torch bearer. (HIygin. Poet. Astr. ii. 15; psopylaea, the smaller forming the entrance of the
Eurip. Ploeniss. 1139; Philostrat. Flit. Sophist. ii. inner enclosure (7repLoAos), and the greater, of
20.) The torch-race of the. Prometheia commenced the outer. The latter were an exact copy of the
at the so-called altar of Prometheus in the aca- Athenian prolylaea. (Miiller, 1.c. n. 5.) There
demia (Paus. i. 30. ~ 2; Schol. cad Soph. Oed. Col. were also propylaea at Corinth, surmounted by
53), or in the Ceramicus, and thence the youths two chariots of gilt bronze, the one carrying Phaewith their torches raced to the city. (Welcker, thon, and the other the Sun himself. (Paus. ii. 3.
Die Aescihyl. 7'-ilog. p. 120, &c.) [L. S.] ~ 2.) [P. S.]
PROMISSOR. [OaBLIATIONES, p.817, b.] PRORA. [NAvis, p. 786, a.]
PROMNE'STRIAE (7rpo(v'0r7pma1P). [MA- PROSCE'NIUM. [THEATRU1'a.]
TRIMONIUM, p. 736, b.] PROSCLE'SIS (wrpdrsocAxSo ). [DIIsE.]
PROMULSIS. [CoEN,A p. 307, a.] PROSCRIPTIO. The verb poscribere proPROMUS. [CELLA; SERVUS.] perly signifies to exhibit a thing for sale by means
PRONA'OS. [TEsMPLeuM.] of a bill or advertisement: in this sense it occurs
PRO'NUBAE, PRO'NUBI. [MATrIAmo - in a great many passages. But in the time of
NiUM, pp. 743, b, 744, a.] Sulla it assumed a very different meaning, for he
PROPHE'TES, PROPHE'TIS. [ORACULUnm, applied it to a measure of his own invention (Vell.
p. 837, a.] Pat. ii. 28), namely, to the sale of the property of
PROPNIGE'UM. [BALNEAE, p. 1912,b.] those who were put to death at his command, and
PROPRAETOR. [PRaoVINcI.] who were themselves calledpr-oscriti. Towards
P-ROPRI'ETAS. [DOMINIUM.] the end of the year 82 B. c. Sulla, after his return
PROPYLAEA (7rporvAama), the entrance to from Praeneste, declared before the assembly of
a temple, or sacred enclosure, consisted of a gate- the people that lie would improve their condition,
way flanked by buildings, whence the plural form and punish severely all those who had supported
of the word.. The Egyptian temples generally had the party of Marius. (Appian. B. C. i. 95.) The
magnificent propylaea, consisting of a pair of oblong people appear tacitly to have conceded to him all
truncated pyramids of solid masonry, the faces of the power which he wanted for the execution of
which were sculptured with hieroglyphics. (See his design, for the lex Cornelia de proscriptione et
Herod. ii. 63, 101, 121, and other passages; the proscriptis was sanctioned afterwards when lie was
modern works on Egyptian antiquities; the Allaos made dictator. (Cic. de Leg. i. 15, de Leg. Agsr.
to Kugler's Ksunstyeschichte, sect. 1. pl. 5. fig. 1.) iii. 2, &c.; Appian. B. C. i. 98.) This law, which
In Greek, except when the Egyptian temples was proposed by the interrex L. Valerius Flaccus
are spoken of, the word is generally used to at the command of SIlla, is sometimes called lex
signify the entrance to the Acropolis of Athens, Cornelia (Cic. c. Verr. i. 47), alad sometimes lex
which was the last completed of the great works Valeria. Cicero (p-ro Rose. Ain. 43) pretends not
of architecture executed under the administration to know whether lie should call it a lex Cornelia
of Pericles. The building of the Propylaea occu- or Valeria. (Comp. Schol. Gronov. p. 435, ed.
pied five years, B.c. 4 37-432, and cost 2012 Orelli.)
talents. The name of the architect was Mnesicles. Sulla drew up a list of the persons whom he
(Plut. Pe-r. 13;. Thuc. ii. 13, with Poppo's Notes; wished to be killed; and this list was exhibited
Aristoph. Equsit. 1326; Demosth. de Rep. Ord. 28. in the forum to public inspection. Every person
p. 174. 23, ed. Bekker; Harpocrat. Suid. s.v.; contained in it was an outlaw, who might be
Cic. de Off. ii. 17.) The edifice was of the Doric killed by any one who met him with impunity,
order, and presented in front the appearance of a even by his slaves and his nearest relatives. All
hexastyle portico of white marble, with the central his property was talken and publicly sold. It nmay
intercolumniation wider than. the rest, and with naturally be supposed that such property was sold
two advanced wings, containing chambers, the at a very low price, and was in most cases purnorthern one of which (that on the left hand) was chased by the friends and favourites of Sulla; in
adorned with pictures, which are fully described some instances only a part of the price was paid
by Pausanias (i. 22. ~~ 4-7), and among which at which it had been purchased. (Sallust, Fr-agzm.
were works by Polygnotus, and, probably, by p. 238, ed. Gerlach.) The property of those who
Protogenes. (See Diet. ofi Biog. s. vv.) On the had fallen in the ranks of his enemies was sold in
right hand, and in front of the Propylaea, stood the same manner, (Cie. pro Rose. Asn,. 43.) Those
the temple of Nike Apteros, and close to the en- who killed a proscribed person, or gave notice of
trance the statue of tierusoes Propi/laceus; and the his place of concealment, received two talents as a
Propylaea themselves were adorned with numerous reward; and whoever concealed or gave shelter to
statues. (Paus. I.e.) A broad road led straight a proscribed, was punished with death. (Cic. c.
from the Agora to the th-o/ laea, which formed Verr. i. 47, Plut. Sull. 31; Suet. Caes. 11.) But
the only entrance to the Acropolis, and the imme- this was not all; the proscription was regarded as
diate approach to which was by a flight of steps, a corruption of blood, and consequently the sons
in the middle of which there was left an inclined and grandsons of proscribed persons were for ever
plane, paved with Pentelic marble, as a carriage- excluded from all public offices. (Plut. 1. c.; Vell.
way for the processions. Both ancient and modern Pat. ii. 28; Quinctil. xi. 1. 85.)
writers have agreed in considering the Propylaea After this example of a proscription had once
as one of the most perfect works of Grecian art,. bee set, it was readily adopted by those in power
3q 2