Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

694 LEX LICINIA. LEX MANLIA.
effect that instead of Duumviri sacris faciundis, discussion. See the Classical Museum, No. V.
Decemviri should be elected, and that half of them on the Licinian Rogation De Mfodo Agri; No.VI.,
should be Plebeians. In the year B. c. 366, when Ueber die Slelle des Vc-rro, &c., De Re Rust. i. 2.
Licinius and Sextius had been elected Tribuni for ~ 9; and No. VII., Remarks on Professor Long's
the tenth time, the law was passed as to the De- Paper on the Licinian Law De Mlodo Agri, by
cemviri, and five plebeians and five patricians were Professor Puchta; and on the passage in Appian's
elected, a measure which prepared the way for the Civil Wars, i. 8, which relates to the Licinian
plebeians participating in the honours of the con- Law by Professor Long.
sulship. The Rogationes of Licinius were finally LICI'NIA DE CREANDIS TRIU'MVIRIS
carried, and in the year B. C. 365 L. Sextius was EPULO'NIBUS (Liv. xxxiii. 42; Orellii 02eoelected consul, being the first Plebeian who at- mnasticos).
tained that dignity. The Patricians were com- LI/VIAE were various enactments proposed by
pensated for their loss of the exclusive right to the the Tribune M. Livius Drusus,. c. 91, for estaconsulship by the creation of the office of ~urule blishing colonies in Italy and Sicily, distributing
Aedile and of Praetor. corn among the poor citizens at a low rate, and
The law as to the settlement between debtor admitting the foederatae civitates to the Roman
and creditor was, if Livy's text is to be literally civitas. He is also said to have been the mover
understood, an invasion of the established rights of a law for adulterating silver by mixing with it
of property. Niebuhr's explanation of this law is an eighth part of brass. (Plin. 1I. N. xxxiii. 3.)
contained in his third volume, pp. 23, &c. Drusus was assassinated, and the Senate declared
Besides the limitation fixed by the second Lex that all his Leges were passed contra auspicia, and
to the number of jugera which an individual might were therefore not Leges. (Cic. Leg. ii. 6, 12, )'pro
possess in the public land, it declared that no in- Dos?o, 16; Liv. lp. 71; Appian, Bell. Civ. i. 35;
dividual should have above 100 large and 500 Ascon. in Cic. Cornel. p. 62.)
smaller animals on the public pastures. Licinius LUTA/TIA DE VI. [VIs.]
was the first who fell under the penalties of his MAE'NIA LEX is only mentioned by Cicero
own law. The statement is that "he, together (Brutus, 14), who says that M'. Curius compelled
with his son, possessed a thousand jugera of the the Patres " ante auctores fieri " in the case of the
ager (publicus), and by emancipating his son had election of a plebeian consul, "which," adds Cicero,
acted in fraud of the law." (Liv. vii. 16.) From " was a great thing to accomplish, as the Lex
this story it appears that the Plebeians could now Maenia was not yet passed." The Lex therefore
possess the public land, a right which they may required the Patres to give their consent at least
have acquired by the Law of Licinius, but there to the election of a magistratus, or in other words
is no evidence on this matter. The story is told to confer or agree to confer the Imperium on the
also by Columnella (i. 3), Pliny (Ifist. ANat. xviii. person whom the conlitia should elect. Livy (i.
3), and Valerilus Maximus (viii. 6. ~ 3). The 17) appears to refer to this law. It was probably
last writer not understanding what he was record- proposed by the Tribune Maellius, n. c. 287. [Ancing, says that in order to conceal his violation of TORITAS.]
the law, Licinius eancscipated part of the land to DE MAGISTRIS AQUARUM. (llaubold,
his son. The facts as stated by Livy are not put Spangenberg, lio0. Leg. p. 177.)
in the clearest light. The son when emancipated MAJESTA"TIS. [MIAJESTAS.]
would be as much intitled to possess 500 jugera as MAMI'LIA DE COLO'NIIS. The snlbject
the father, and if he bona fide possessed that of this lex and its date are fully discussed by IRuquantity of the Ager publicus, there was no fraud dorff (Zeitscltrift, vol. ix.), who shows that the Ilex
on the law. From the expression of Plinly (susb1- Mamilia, Roscia, Peducaea, Alliena, Fabia is the
situctafilii personza) the fraud appears to have con- same as the " Lex Agraria quam Gaisns Caesar
sisted in the emancipation of the son being effected tulit" (D:g. 47. tit. 21. s. 3), and that this Gaius
solely that he might in his own name possess 500 Caesar is the Emperor Caligula.
jugera while his father had the actual enjoyment. MIAMI;LIA DE JUGURTHAE FAUTO'But the details of this Lex are too imperfectly RIBUS. (Sal. Jug. c. 40; Orellii Onosmasticonz.)
known to enable us to give more than a probable MAMI'LIA FI'NIUM REGUNDO'RUM,
solution of the matter. As the object of the Lex enacted in B. C. 239, or according to another supwas to diminish the possessiones of the patricians, position, in B. c. 16.5, fixed at five or six feet the
it may be assumed that the surplus land thus width of the boundary spaces which were not sub.arising was distributed (assiynzatus) amongn the ject to Usucapio. (Rudorff, Zeitsclirft, vol. x.
plebeians, who otherwise would have gained no- p. 342, &c.)
thing by the change; and such a distribution of MANI'LIA, proposed by the tribune C. Maniland is stated to have been part of the Lex of lius B.C. 66, was a privilegium by which was conLicinius by Varro (de Re Ruzst. i. 2) and Colu- ferred on Pompey the command in the war against
mella (i. 3). Mithridates. The lex was supported by Cicero
According to Livy (vi. 42) the Rogatio de when praetor. (De Leye Mlanilia; Plut. Pomp. 30;
Decemviris sacrorumn was carried first, a. c. 366. Dion Cass. xxxvi. 25.)
The three other rogationes were included in one The Leges Manilianae, mentioned by Cicero (De
Lex, which was a Lex Satura. (Liv. vii. 39; Or. i. 518), were evidently not Leges Proper, but
Dion Cass. Frag. 33.) probably forms which it was prudent for parties to
Besides the passages referred to, the reader may observe in buying and selling.
see Niebuhr, vol. iii. pp. 1-36, for his view of the MANI'LIA DE LIBERTINO'RUM SUFLicinian Rogations; and Goettling, Geschiclte der FRA'GIIS (Dion Cass. xxxvi. 25; Ascon. in CorRMm. Staatsve:efassung, p. 354, and the note on nel. pp. 64, 65), is apparently the same as the
the passage of Varro (de Re Rust. i. 2). The Manlia De Lib. Surff.
Liciuian Rogations have been the subject of much MA'NLIA, (alsb called LICI'NIA, B.C. 196,