Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

. JUA. ANUA. 625
and to observe the rites performed before it. Also _..
the whole light of the building was commonly ad- i
mitted through the same aperture. These circum- I Tl! C; rrE~ ~
stances are illustrated in the accompanying woodcut, showing the front of a small temple of Jupiter,
I OVTICAP 1 \TOLINO i I i --'L -
ANTAR. This superstruction was the hy7erlthZyrunt
\\-1~~~~~ _-~ tof Vitravius (1. c.), and of the Greek architects
whom he followed. The next woodcut shows one of
the two consoles which support the cornice of a beautifuil Ionic door-way in the temple of MAinerva Polias
taken from a bas-relief. (A[oz. Malt. vol. iii. Tab. at Athens. In the inscription relating to the build39.) The term antepagoentetm, which has been ing of that temple, hich is now is n the Elgin colalreadyexplained, and which was applied to the lin- lection of the British Museum, the object here
tel as well as the jambs (antepegmeentuo super-ies, delineated is called ouS rpy vsrepOpTP. Other
Vitruv. iv. 6. ~ 1), implies, that the doors opened in- Greek names for it, used by Vitruvits (iv. 6. ~ 4),
vwards. This is clearly seen in the same woodcut, are parotis and ancon, literally a "side-ear" and
mand is found to be the construction of all ancient "an elbow." The use of consoles, or trusses, in
buildings at Pompeii and other places. In some this situation was characteristic of the Ionic style
of these buildings, as for example, in that called of architecture, being never admitted in the Doric.
" the house of the tragic poet," even the marble It is to be observed that Homer (Od. vii. 90),
threshold rises about an inch higher than the bot- Hlesiod (Scet. 271), and Herodotuts (i. 179), use
tom of the door (Gell's Po7mpeiane, 2nd Ser. vol. i. the term 7r-4pOvpov, or its diminutive vrepOdpMoV,
p. 144), so that the door was in every part behind to include the lintel. Upon some part of the hyperthe door-case. After the time of Hippias the thyrmn there was often an inscription, recording
street-doors were not permitted to openi outwardly the date and occasion of the erection, as in the
at Athens (Becker, Clharikles, vol. i. pp. 189, 200); case of the temple of Hercules above represented,
and hence Es'ouvat meant to open the door on or else merely expressing a moral sentiment, like
coming in, and e7rio7rdoaaa'Oa or EpeAKVao'ao'Oat to the celebrated "Know thyself" upon the temple at
shut it on going out. In a single instance only Delphi.
were the doors allowed to open outwardly at Rome; The door itself was calledforis or vlvai, and ii
an exception was made as a special privilege in Greek sarlfs, iAmafas, or vspeTpoV. These words
bonour of Al. Valerius Publicola. (Schneider, in are commonly found in the plural, because the doorJVitruv. iv. 6. ~ 6.) way of every building of the least importance conThe lintel of the oblong dd door-case folas in together, as ing tog ethe r, as in all the
large and splendid buildings, such as the great instances already referred to. When foris is used
temples, surmounted either by an architrave and in the singular, we may observe that it denotes one
cornice, or by a cornice only. As this is not of the folding-doors only, as in the phrase Jbris
shown in the bas-relief above introduced, an actual creptit, which occurs repeatedly ins Plautus, and
door-way, viz., that of the temple of Hercules at describes the creaking of a single valve, opened
Corae, is here added. Above the lintel is an archi- alone and turning on its pivots. Evenm the internal
trave with a Latin inscription upon oit, and above doors of houses were bivalve (G(ll's Pomupeiana,
this a projecting cornice supported on each side by 2nd Ser. vol i. p. 166); hence lwe read of "the
a console, which reaches to a level with th the bottom folding-doors of a bed-chamber" (fores cubicli,
of the lintel. The top of the cornice (corrona ssbmea, Suet. Aug. 82; Q. Curt. v. 6; oaviasre ed &papualm,
Vitruv. iv. 6. ~ 1) coincided in height with the tops Homn. Oc. xxiii. 42; rVAnm &r'Xa7o, Soph. Oed.
of the capitals of the colimnns of the pronaos, so Ty:sr. 1261). But in every case each of the two
that the door way, wih ith its supestrcture, was valves was wide enough to allow persons to pass
exactly equal in height to the columns and the through without opening the other valve also.
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