Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

G.06 IIETAIRESEOS GRAPIIE. IIIERODUJLI.
possessed more than one thousand hetaerae, who franchise, and aspire to bear office in the state.
were called ieposovXot, and who were the ruin of From the law, which is recited by Aeschines
many a stranger who visited Corinth. (Wachs- (e. Tinzarcch. p. 47), we learn that such offenders
muth, Ilellen. Alterth. vol. ii. p. 392.) Hence the were capitally punished. The cause was tried by
name KopLOia icdp- was used as synolnymous with the court of the thesmothetae. (Meier, Att. Proe.
Cirafpa, and moptrvOmaeoe0at was equivalent to ieaL- p. 334.) [J. S. M.]
pe7,. (Eustath. ad Iliad. ii.,570.) At Sparta, IIETAIRIAE (E'alppta). [ERANOS.]
and in most other Doric states, the hetaerae seem IIEXA'PHORUM. [LECTICA.]
never to have acquired that importance which they HEXA'STYLOS. [TErzMPLuM.]
had in other parts of Greece, and among the Greeks HEXE'RES. [NAVIs.]
of Asia Minor. HI-IEREION (ifep-Eov). [SACRnFICIUM.]
An important question is who the hetaerae gene. HIEREIS TON SOTERON (iepeY rcr (rcWO'Vlrally were? The lepoAovAot of Corinth were, as pwy), priests of the Saviours, that is, of Antigonus
their name indicates, persons who had dedicated and l)emetrius, who were received by the Athethelnselves as slaves to Aphrodite; and their nians, in B. c. 307, as their liberators with heonours
prostitution was a kind of service to the (oddess. and flatteries of every sort. They even went so
[HIERODvUL]1 Those 7rpveat who were kept at far as to pay diviIle honosrs to these princes under
Athens in public brothels by the 7ropmo~eoorcot, were the title of Saviours (ow-rTpes), and to assign apriest
generally slaves belonging to these xopvoGo(rtcoi, who (iFp.v5s) to attend to their worship, who was to be
compelled them to prostitute their persons for the elected annually and to give his nanme to the year in
purpose of enriching themselves. I'lThe owners of place of the first archon. This continued for twenty
these 7rdpmat were justly held in greater contempt years till the conquest of Demetrius by Pyrrhus in
than the unhappy victims themselves. Sometimes, a3. c. 2(37, when the office was abolished and the
however, they were real prostitutes, who voluntarily first archon restored to his former position in tlle
entered into a contract with a IropvoCoolcos: others state. (Plut. Deoetr. 10, 46.) The magistrates
again were females who had been educated in of these twenty years were in later times called
bletter circumstances and for a better filte, but had archons, as, for instance, by Diodorus and Dionyby misfortunes lost their liberty, and were compelled sius of lHalicarnassus, since the Athenians, as
by want to take to this mode of living. Among Clinton remarks, would not leave upon their Fasti
this last class we may also reckon those girls who this mark of their humiliation. (Droysen, Gescsicite
had been picked up as young children, and brought cdes [ellenisizsus, vol. i. p. 439; Clinton, F. If.
up by 7ropvoeoctcol for the purpose of prostitution. vol. ii. p. 380, 2d ed.; HIermann, Lemirbucle. dl.
An instance of this kind is Nicarete, a freed Griech. Staatsaltelrth. ~ 175, n. 7; Schbmann, Altiqou.
woman, who had contrived to procure seven J1r. hPubl. Graee. p. 360.)
young children, and afterwards compelled them to I-IIERODU'LI (ispi3ovXot), were persons of
prostitution, or sold them to men who wished to both sexes, who were devoted like slaves to the
have the exclusive possession of them. (Dem. worship of the gods. They were of Eastern origin,
c. Neaesr. p. 1351, &c.) Other instances of tile and are most ifrequently met with in connection
same kind are mentioned in the comedies of Planl- with the worship of the deities of Syria, Phoenicia,
tus. (Compare Isaeus, De Philocotem. hered. p. and Asia Minor. They consisted of two classes;
143.) Thus all prostitutes kept in public or private one composed of slaves properly so called, who athouses were either r. al slaves or at least looked tended to all the lower duties connected with the
upon and treated as such. Those hetaerae, on the worship of the gods, cultivated the sacred lands,
other hand, who lived alone either as mistresses of &c., and whose descendants continued in the same
certain individuals or as comnion hetaerae, were servile condition; *lad the other, conmprising peralmost invariably strangers or aliens, or freed- sons, who were personally free, but had dedicated
women. The cases whnich daughters of Athe- themselves as slaves to the gods, and who were
nian citizens adopted the life of a.i hetaera, as either attached to the temples, or were dispersed
Lainia, the claulg ter of Cleanor (Atlhei. xiii. p. througllout te country and brought to the gods
577), seem to have occurred very seldom; and the money they had gained. To the latter class
whenever such a case happened, the woman was belonged the women, who prostituted their persons
by law excluded froml all public sacrifices and offices, anld presented to the gods the money they had obmlmnk down to the rank of an alien, and as such be- tained by this means. The pomp with which relicame subject to the 7ropmrcbl TAE'Xo5: she generally gious worship was celebrated iIn the East, and the
also changed her name. The same degradation vast domains which mauny of the temples possessed,
took place when an Athenian citizen kept a 7rop- required a great niumber of servants and slaves.
vEseov, which seems to hlbave happened very seldom. Thus, tile great temple at the Cappadocianm Cornann
(Bbckh, Piubl. Escon. of'Ati/ens, p. 333, 2ntd ed.) possessed as many as 6000 hieroduli (Strab. xii.
(Fr. Juacobs, Beitrisqe Zir CGesch. des Weibliclh. p. 535), and that at Morimene had 3000 of the
(eschlechts, in his TV7ermmischte Schrizfeu%, vol. iv.; same class of persons. (Strab. xii. p. 537.) So
Becker, Chaslrikles, vol. i. p. 109-128, andl vol. ii. numoerous were the hieroduli at Tyre, that the
p. 414-439; Limtburg-Brouwer, tistoire de de la high-priest by their support frequently obtained
Civilisatiozioale ieuse gie es Grees; Wachs- the regal dignity. (.Joseph. c. Apiomz. i. 18, 21.)
miuth, IIeUl/e. Alltemtl?. vol. ii. p. 392, &c.) [L. S.] These large numbers arose from the idea, prevalent
IIETAERI ('ealpoi). L[ExRCiTvsU, p. 4188, in the East, that the deity must have a certain
1,.1.` Iclass of pelsons specially dedicated to his service
HETAIRESEOS GRAPHE (eralpljcvs and separated from the ordinary duties of life, and
~/pac(p). This action was maintainable against that it was tile duty of all who had the power to
such Athenian citizens as had administered to the supply as many persons as they could for their serminnatural lutsts of another; but only if after such vice. Thus, kings dedicated as sacred slaves the pridegradation they ventured to exercise their political sonlles whiom they took in war, parents their children,