Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

W76 GLADIATORES. GLADLIATOR RES.
fned. pl. 197), a combat is represented between a
ret:arius and a mirmillo: the former has thrown
his net over the head of the latter, and is proceedlng to attack him with the fuscina. The lanista,
stands behind the retiarius.
Sc&lnsites were so called, because they were?l i
armed in the same way as that people, and were
particularly distinguished by the oblong scutumn.
(Liv. ix. 40; Cic. pro Sext. 64.)
S.cutores are supposed by some writers to be so
called because the secutor in his combat with the I ) K-/ //,
retiarius pursued the latter when he failed in securing him by his net. Other writers think tlat
they were the same as the s87pposititii, mentioned by
Martial (v. 24), who were gladiators substituted in Borghese collection, now in the Museum of the
th place of those who were wearied or were killed. Louvre, and the dying gladiator, as it is called, in:(Suet. Cal. 30; Juv. viii. 210.) If the old reading the Capitoline Museum. Gladiatorial combats are
in a letter of Cicero's (ad Att. vii. 14) is correct, represented in the bas-reliefs on the tomb of Scanu-.Julius Caesar had no less than 500 secutores in his rus at Pompeii, and illustrate in many particulars
rudus at Capua; but it appears probable that we the brief account which has been given in this
ought to read scutorsam instead of secttolruma. article of the several classes of gladiators. These
Supposititii. See Secutores. bas-reliefs are represented in the following wood.
T/traces or Threces were armed like the Thra- cuts from Mazois (Ponmp. i. pl. 32). The figures
clans with a round shield or buckler (Festus, s. v. are made of stucco, and appear to have been mould7ltraeces), and a short sword or dagger (sica, Suet. ed separately, and attached to the plaster by pegs
Cal. 32), which is called falv sutpina by Juvenal of bronze or iron. In various parts of the frieze
(viii. 201). They were usually matched, as already are written the name of the person to whom the
stated, with the mirmillones. The woodcut in the gladiators belonged, and also the names of the glanext column, taken from Winckelmann (1. c.), re- diators themselves, and the number of their vicpresents a combat between two Thracians, A tories. The first pair of gladiators on the left hand
lanista stands behind each. represents an equestrian combat. Both wear
Paintings of gladiatorial combats, as well as of helmets with vizors, which cover the whole face,
the other sports of the amphitheatre, were favourite and are armed with spears and round bucklers.
subjects with the Roman artists. (Plin. H. N. In the second pair the gladiator on the left has
xxxv. 33; Capitol. Gord. 3; Vopisc. Carin. 18.) been wounded; he has let fall his shield, and is
Several statues of gladiators have come down to imploring the mercy of the people by raising his
us, which are highly admired as works of art: of hand towards them. His antagonist stands bethese the most celebrated is the gladiator of the hind him waiting the signal of the people. Like
all the other gladiators represented on the frieze, whom is defeated. The fourth group consists of
they wear the subligacuzluz or short apron fixed four figures; two are secutores and two retiarii.
above the hips. The one on the left appears to be The secutor on his knee appears to have been dea mirmillo, and the one on the right, with an ob- feated by the retiarius behind him, but as the
long shield (scuturm), a Samnite. The third pair fuscina is not adapted for producing certain death,
consists of a Thracian and a mirmillo, the latter of I the other secutor is called upon to do it. The:<:W~~~~