Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

420.DOLABRA.: DOMICILIUM.
reconciling them, and it agrees in substance with fore illustrate the account given by Julius Pollux,
the supposition of Schbmann, " that among the who reckons this same tool, the o'rxk, among the
Athenians, no one period was appointed for enrol- epyeaeta,roi (IUroCTod0Ou. This instrument was
ment, provided that it was not done before the also used for cutting paper, and probably in the
attainment of the 18th, nor after the completion same manner (aridAa XapTo'd4Uos, sicila, Philox.
of the 20th year." (Schiimann, De Consitiis, pp. Gloss.).
75, 241, &c.) [R. W.] The following woodcut shows a small bronze
DODRANS. [As.] celt, fixed into a handle of stag's horn, and thereDOLABRA, dim. DOLABELLA (ouleXd7, dim. fore exemplifies one of the modes of attaching the
o/yLtlov), a chisel, a celt, was used for a variety of metal to its haft. It was evidently adapted for
purposes in ancient as in modern times. They were very fine work, and is strongly contrasted with
frequently employed in making entrenchments and the above-figured celt from Cornwall. It was
in destroying fortifications (Liv. ix. 37, xxi. 11; found in an ancient tomb in Wiltshire. (Sir R.
Curt. ix. 5; Tacit. H-ist. iii. 20); and hence they C. Hoare's Anc. tWilts. South, pp. 182, 203.) The
are often found in ancient earth-works and en- two other figures in this woodcut represent the
tampments. They abound in our public mu- knife used in sacrifices, as it is often exhibited on
6sums, being known under the equivalent name of cameos and bas-reliefs, being the scena, sacenas, or
i celts" to antiquaries, who, however, generally dolbor-a pontificalis, mentioned by Festus (s. v.
ase the word without understanding its true sense. Scena); and the secuntis dolabrata, or hatchet fur(See Jamieson's IEtym. Diet. s. v. Celt.) Celtes is nished with a chisel (Pallad. De Re Rust. i. 43) as
an old Latin word for a chisel, probably derived sculptured on a funereal monument. [J. Y.]
from coelo, to engrave. Thus the phrase celte
scrupaotztr in silice occurs in the vulgate version of
Job (xix. 24), and malleolo et celte lite'antus silex in
an inscription found at Pola. (Gruter, p. 329.)
These articles are for the most part of bronze,
more rarely of hard stone. The sizes and forms''
which they present, are as various as the uses to
-wlhich they were applied. The annexed woodcut
is designed to show a few of the most remarkable varieties. Fig. 1 is from a celt found, with jl
several others, at Karnbre in Cornwall. (Borlase,
Ant. of (ornwall, iii. 13.) Its length was six
inches without the haft, which was no doubt of
wood, and fixed directly into the socket at the top.
It must have been a very effective implement for
removing the stones in the wall of a city or fortifi-
cation, after they had been first shattered and
loosened in some degree by the battering-ram.
The ear, or loop, which is seen in this and many
other celts, would be useful to suspend them from
the soldier's girdle, and may also have had a cord
or chain attached to it to assist in drawing back i t'\
the celt whenever it became too firmly wedged between the stones of the wall which it was intended
to destroy. Figs 2 and 3 are from Sir W. HJamil- DO!LICHOS (iAsxXos). [STADIU. M.]
ton's collection in the British Museum. These DO'LIUM. [VINUM.]
chisels seem best adapted for the use of the car- DOLO (aJTwv), 1. A secret poniard or dagger
penter. The celt (fig. 4) which was found in contained in a case, used by the Italians. It was
Furness, co. Lancaster (Asclmaeologia, v. p. 106), inserted in the handles of whips (Dig. 9. tit. 2.
instead of being shaped to receive, or to be in- s. 52; Serv. ad Viryg. Aen. vii. 664), and also in
serted into a handle, like the three preceding, is walking-sticks, thus corresponding to our swordmade thick, smooth, and round in the middle, so stick. It was a weapon of the latter kind that
as to be conveniently manipulated without a Tib. Gracchus carried (Plut. Tib. Graccl. 10; comp.
handle. It is 9 inches long, and weighs 2 lb. 5 oz. Hesych. s. v. AdiAcwos).
Its sharp edge is like that of a common hatchet, 2. A small top-sail. [NAvIs.]
and may have been used for polishing timber. On DE DOLO MALO ACTIO. [CULPA.]
1 2 3 4 5 6 DOLUS MVIALUS. [CULPA.]
DOME'STICI. [PRAETORIoNI.]
x G;)0~~ p () DOMICI'LIUM. This word signifies a man's
regular place of abode. It was used in the Lex
lJJ7 r 1 1 VX Plautia Papiria in such a manner, that when that
h li[[!'xx 1. lRlex was enacted, B. c. 89, the word domicilium
must have had a fixed meaning: " Si qui foederatis
civitatibus adscripti fuissent, si tum cum lex
ferebatur in Italia domicilium habuissent, et si
sexaginta diebus apud praetorem essent professi."
(Cicero, Pro A^ chia, c. 4.) This further appears
from another passage in the same chapter: "At
the other hand, figs. 5, 6, 7, exactly resemble domicilium Romae non habuit: is qui tot annis
the knife now used by leather-cutters,.stod there- ante _civitatem datam sedem omnium rerum at