Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

28 AFFINES, AFFINITAS. AGELA.
of the booty made in war, but was not allowed to the result of a lawful marriage. There are no
vote in decisions upon peace and war. (Liv. xxxv. degrees of affinitas corresponding to those of cog25.) This was a wise precaution, as a sanguine natio, though there are terms to express the various
strategus might easily have involved the league in kinds of affinitas. The father of a husband is the
wars which would have been ruinous to the nation. socer of the husband's wife, and the father of a
His name was signed to all public documents, wife is the socer of the wife's husband; the term
treaties, and decrees of the general assembly. An socrus expresses the same affinity with respect to
exception occurs in the peace with the Romans, the husband's and wife's mothers. A son's wife
because they themselves dictated it and abandoned is nurus or daughter-in-law to the son's parents;
the usual form. (Polyb. xxii. ].5.) Respecting a wife's husband is gener or son-in-law to the wife's
the mode of election, we are informed by Hesychius parents.
(s. v. CVcLup, 7raerpicP), that it was decided by white Thus the avus, avia - pater, mater — of the
and black beans, and not by voting, but by draw- wife become by the marriage respectively the socer
ing lots, so that we must suppose the assembly magnus, prosocrus, or socrus magna —socer, socrus
nominated a number of candidates, who then had -of the husband,who becomes withrespect to them
to draw lots, and the one who drew a white bean severally progener and gener. In like manner the
was strategus. corresponding ancestors of the husband respectively
The officers next in rank to the strategus were assume the sanme names with respect to the son's
the hipparchus and the public scribe. (Polyb. xxii. wife, who becomes with respect to them pronurus
15; comp. Liv. xxxviii. 11.) WVe further hear of and nurus. The son and daughter of a husband
o-;,EspoI, who act as arbiters (Biickh, Coop. Inscr. or wife born of a prior marriage, are called privignus
vol. ii. p. 633), and votuoypacpoL, who however may and privigna, with respect to their step-father or
have had no more to do with the writing down of step-mother; and, with respect to such children,
laws, than the Athenian nomothetae. (Bickh, the step-father and step-mother are severally called
I. c. pp. 857, 858.) vitricus and noverca. The husband's brother beWith the exception of the points above men- comes levir with respect to the wife, and his sister
tioned, the constitution of the Aetolian league is becomes Glos (the Greek y&Acds). Marriage was
involved in great obscurity. There are, however, unlawful among persons who had become such
two things which appear to have had an injurious affines as above-mentioned; and the incapacity
effect upon the confederacy, first the circumstance continued even after the dissolution of the marriage
that its members were scattered over a large tract in which the affinitas originated. (Gaius, i. 63.)
of country, and that besides Aetolia Proper and A personwho had sustained such a capitis diminutio
some neighbouring countries, such as Locris and as to lose both his freedom and the civitas, lost
Thessaly, it embraced towns in the heart of Pelo- also all his affines. (Dig. 38. tit. 10. s. 4; Bdcking,
ponnesus, the island of Cephalenia in the west, and lostitutionsen, vol. i. p. 267.) [G. L.]
in the east the town of Cius on the Propontis; in AGALMA (i-yaxAa). [STATUARIA.]
the second place, many of the confederates had AGAMIOU GRAPHE (&yaueiov ypao)).
been forced to join the league, and were ready to [MATRIaMONIUM.]
abandon it again as soon as an opportunity offered. AGA/SO, a groom, a slave whose business it
(Polyb. iv. 25; comp. xxii. 13, 15; Liv. xxxviii. was to take care of the horses. The word is also
9, 11.) The towns which belonged to the league -used for a driver of beasts of burthen, and is someof course enjoyed isopolity; but as it endeavoured times applied to a slave who had to perform the
to increase its strength in all possible ways, the lowest menial duties. (Liv. xliii. 5; Plin. H. N.
Aetolians also formed connections of friendship and xxxv. 11; Curt. viii. 6; Hor. Sersn. ii. 8. 72; Pers.
alliance with other states, which did not join the v. 76.)
league. (Polyb. ii. 46.) The political existence AGATIIOERGI (a&yaOoEspyo). In time of war
of the league was destroyed in n. c. 189 by the the kings of Sparta had a body-guard of 300 knights
treaty with Rome, and the treachery of the Roman (i7reress), of whom the five eldest retired every year,
party among the Aetolians themselves caused in and were employed for one year, under the name
B. C. 167 five hundred and fifty of the leading of agaetloergi in missions to foreign states. (Herod.
patriots to be put to death, and those who survived i. 67.) It has been maintained by some writers
the massacre, were carried to Rome as prisoners. that the agatlhoergi did not attain that rank merely
(Liv. xlv. 31; Justin, xxxiii. 2; comp. Tittmann, by seniority, but were selected from the t'rerss by
iDarstellung der Gieclb. Staatsve.f: p. 721, &c.; the ephors without reference to age. (Ruhnken,
Lucas, Ueber Polyb. Darstelluq2g des Aetol. Bundes, Ad Tinzaei Lexic. Plat. s.v.; Hesych. s. v.; Bekker,
Kbnigsberg, 1827, 4to.; K. F. IHermanm, Griech. Ansecd. vol. i. p. 209.)
Staatsaltert/h. ~ 183; Schorn, Gesc~lichte Grieclsenl. A'GELA (&yEAX/), an assembly of young men
p. 25,&c.; Brandst'iter,Die Gesch. desAetol. Landes, in Crete, who lived together from their eighteenth
Volkes sznd Bundes, p. 298, &c.) [L. S.] year till the time of their marriage. Up to the
AETO'MA (&a'lcEaua). [FAsTI-GIUss.] end of their seventeenth year they remained in
AFFI/NES, AFFI/NITAS, or ADFI'NES, their father's house; and from the circumstance of
ADFI'NITAS. Affinitas is that relation into their belonging to no agela, they were called
which one family comes with respect to another by &rdayeAoi. They were then enrolled in ayelae,
a marriage between the members of the respective which were of an aristocratic nature, and gave great
families; but it is used more particularly to express power to particular families. An agela always
the relation of husband and wife to the cognati of consisted of the sons of the most noble citizens,
wife and husband respectively. The husband and who were usually under the jurisdiction of the
wife were also affines with respect to their being father of the youth who had been the means of colmembers of different families; and the betrothed lecting the ayela. It was the duty of this person,
husband and wife (sponsus, sponsa) with reference called &-yAdrss, to superintend the military and
to their intended marriage. Affinitas can only be gymnastic exercises of the youths (who were called