Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

384 DAPtIi EPIIORIA. DA RICUS.
a]nother manl's slave who was bound and so gave ones are suspended; purple garlands, smaller thais
him the opportunity of escaping. A man who those at the top, are attached to the middle part
was not owner, might have an actio utilis legis of the wood, and the lowest part is covered with a
Aquiliae or in factum, if he had an interest in the crocus-coloured envelope. By the globe on the
thing, as a fructuarius, usuarius, a bonae fidei pos- top they indicate the sun, which is identical with
sessor, or a person who had received a thing as a Apollo; the globe immediately below the first,
pledge. represents the moon; and the smaller suspending
If a man's slave was killed, the owner might globes are symbols of the stars. The number of
sue for damages under the Lex Aquilia, and garlands being 365, indicates the course of the
prosecute for a capital offence. year. At the head of the procession walked a
(Cic. Pro Roscio Conzoedo, c. 11; Gaius, iii. youth, whose father and mother must be living.
210, &c.; Inst. 4. tit. 3; Thibhaut, System, &c., This youth was, according to Pausanias (ix. 10.
9th ed. ~ 551, &c.; Rein, Das Riomiscle Privat- ~ 4), chosen priest of Apollo every year, and called
reclt.) [G. L.] 6apv7qpedpos: he was always of a handsome figure
DAMOSIA (3auoo'a), the escort or suite of and strong, and taken from the most distinguished
the Spartan kings in time of war. It consisted of families of Thebes. Immediately before this
his tent-comrades (vode Vvoi), to whom the pole- youthful priest walked his nearest kinsman, who
marchs, Pythians, and three of the equals (Moioeol) bore the adorned piece of olive-wood, which was
also belonged (Xen. Rep. Lac. xiii. 1); of the called Kcorc&. The priest followed, bearing in his
prophets, surgeons, flute-players, volunteers in the hand a laurel-branch, with dishevelled and floating
army (Xen. Rep. Lac. xiii. 7), Olympian conquerors hair, wearing a golden crown on his head, a
(Plut. Lye. 22), public servants, &c. The two magnificent robe which reached down to his feet
ephors, who attended the king on military expedi- (iro1op-ls), and a kind of shoes called'IttKPdrt'LES,
tions, also formed part of the damosia. (MUller, from the general, Iphicrates, who had first introDorians, iii. 12. ~ 5.) duced them. Behind the priest there followed a
DANACE (8ar/cci), the name of a foreign coin, choir of maidens with boughs in their hands and
according to IHesychius (s. v.) worth a little more singing hymns. In this manner the procession
than an oholos. According to some writers, it was went to the temple of Apollo Ismenius or Galaxius.
a Persian coin. (Pollux, ix. 82,' and Hemster. ad It would seem from Pausanias that all the boys of
loc.) This name was also given to the obolos, the town wore laurel garlands on this occasion,
which was placed in the mouth of the dead to pay and that it was customary for the sons of wealthy
the ferryman in Hades (HIesych. s.v.; Lucian, De parents to dedicate to the god brazen tripods, a
Luzcti, c. 10, Mort. Dial. i. 3, xi. 4, xxii. i.) At considerable number of which were seen in the
the opening of a grave at Same in Cephallenia, a temple by Pausanias himself. Among them was
coin was found between the teeth of the corpse. one which was said to have been dedicated by
(Stackelberg, Die GrWiber der Hellenen, p. 42; Amphitryon, at the time when Heracles was
Becker, Cmsrikles, vol. ii. p. 170.) daphnephorus. This last circumstance shows that
DANEISMA (8Uc'Etsya). [FENUS.] the daphnephoria, whatever changes may have
DAPIINEPHO'RIA (aopvlpopia), a festival bean subsequently introduced, was a very ancient
celebrated every ninth year at Thebes in honour festival.
of Apollo, surnamed Ismenius or Galaxius. Its There was a great similarity between this fesname wasderived from the laurel branches (dpfeat) tival and a solemn rite observed by the Delphians,
which were carried by those who took part in its who sent every ninth year a sacred boy to Tempe.
celebration. A full account of the festival is given This boy went on the sacred road (Plut. QuCtest.
by Proclus (Cli'estoimath. p. 11). At one time all Gr. 12), and returned home as laurel-bearer (8arthe Aeolians of Arne and the adjacent districts, at vlqidpos) amidst the joyful songs of choruses of
the command of an oracle, laid siege to Thebes, maidens. This solemnity was observed in comwhich was at the same time attacked by the Pe- memoration of the purification of Apollo at the
lasgians, and ravaged the neighbouring country. altar in Tempe, whither he had fled after killing
13Ut when the day came on which both parties had the Python, and was held in the month of Tharto celebrate a festival of Apollo, a truce was con- gelion (probably on the seventh day). It is a very
cluded, and on the day of the festival they went probable conjecture of Miiller (Dor. ii. 8. ~ 4) that
with laurel-boughs to the temple of the god. But the Boeotian daphneplhoria took place in the same
Polematas, the general of the Boeotians, had a month and on the same day on which the Delphian
vision in which he saw a young man who pre- boy broke the purifying laurel-boughs in Tempe.
sented to him a complete suit of armour, and who The Athenians seem likewise to have celebrated
made him vow to institute a festival, to be cele- a festival of the same nature, but the only mention
brated every ninth year, in honour of Apollo, at we have of it is in Proclus (ap. Photiusm, p. 987),
which the Thebans, with laurel-boughs in their who says that the Athenians honoured the seventh
hands, were to go to his temple. When, on the day as sacred to Apollo, that they carried laureltllird day after this vision, both parties again were boughs and adorned the basket (caveouy, see CANxengaged in close combat, Polematas gained the PHOnOS) with garlands, and sang hymns to the
victory. He now fulfilled his promise, and walked god. Respecting the astronomical character of
himself to the temple of Apollo in the manner pre- the daphnephoria see Miuller, Orclhome. p. 215,
scribed by the being he had seen in his vision. 2d edit.; and Creuzer, Symbol. und 1r1ftAiol. ii.
And ever- since that time, continues Proclus, this p. 160. [L. S.]
custom has been strictly observed. Respecting the DARI'CUS (SapEurcds), or, to give the name in
mode of celebration, he adds: At the daphne- full, reari7p 3apetrc's, tthe stater of Dareits (Thuc.
phoria they adorn a piece of olive wood with gar- viii. 28), was a gold coin of Persia, stamped on one
lands of laurel and various flowers; on the top of side with the figure of an archer crowned and
it a brazen globe is placed, from which smaller kneeling upon one knee, and on the other with a