Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ARRA. ARTABA. 13/
a gold bracelet found in Britain, and preserved in of money which a purchaser of land in England
the British Museum. It appears to be made of two generally pays, according to the conditions of sale,
on contracting for his purchase; and the earnest
money sometimes paid on a sale of moveable
things.
The term arrha, in its general sense of an evidence of agreement, was also used on other occasions, as in the case of betrothment (sponsalia).
[MIATRlslONIUM.] Sometimes the word arrha is
used as synonymous with pignus (Terent. feastont.
iii. 3. 42), but this is not the legal meaning of
the term. (Thibaut, Systein des Pandekten-Rechts,
~144; Ilst. iii. tit. 23; Dig. 18. tit. I. s. 35; tit. 3.. 6; 14. tit. 3. s. 5. ~ 15; 19. tit. 1. s. 11. ~ 6;
Cod. 4. tit. 21. s. 17; Gellius, xvii. 2; compare
Bracton, ii. c. 27, De acqulireado Reroe Donlinio in causa Elptiionis, and what he says on the
gold wires twisted together, and the mode of fas- arrha, with the passage in Gaius already referred
tening it upon the arm, by a clasp, is worthy of ob- to.) [G. L.]
servation. It has evidently been a lady's ornament. ARRHEPHO'IRIA (ap psJpta), a festival
The third figure represents an armilla, which must which, according to the various ways in which the
have been intended as a reward for soldiers, for it nanie is written (for we find epoeqbpla or'oeilfdpia)
would be ridiculous to suppose such a massive or- is attributed to different deities. The first forln is
nament to have been designed for women. The derived from ap35-rta, and thus would indicate a
original, of pure gold, is more than twice the festival at which mysterious things were carried
length of the figure, and was found in Cheshire. about. The other name would point to Erse or
(ArchAaeologia, xxvii. 400.) Herse, a daughter of Cecrops, and whose worship
ARMILU'STRIUM, a Roman festival for the was intimately connected with that of Athena.
purification of arms. It was celebrated every year And there is, indeed, sufficient ground for believon the 14th before the calends of November (Oct. ing that the festival was solemnized, in a higher
19), when the citizens assembled in arms and sense, in honour of Athena. (Etoy. ol ag. S. v.
offered sacrifices in the place called Armilustrum,'A-PPq.pbpoi.) It was held at Athens, in the month
or Vicus Armilustri, in the 13th region of the city. of Skirophorion. Four girls, of between seven and
(Festus, s. v.; Varro, De Ling. Lat. iv. 32, v. 3; eleven years (&appd7 pol, Eipopdpot, EpdpoPi:
Liv. xxvii. 37; P. Vict. De Regionibus U. R.; Aristoph. 1,ysist. 642), were selected every year
Inscrip. in Griuter, p. 250.) [P. S.] by the king archon from the most distinguished
ARIRA, A'RRABO, orARRIA,A'RRH-ABO, families, two of whom superintended the weaviing
Gains (iii. 139.) says: " What is given as arra, is of the sacred peplus of Athena, which was b gun
a proof of a contract of buying and selling;" but on the last day of Pyanepsion (Siuid. s. v. XaAit also has a more general signification. That thing ic7a); the two others had to carry the mysterious
was called arrha which one contracting party gave and sacred vessels of the goddess. These latter
to another, whether it was a sum of money or any remained a whole year oil the Acropolis, either in
thing else, as an evidence of the contract of sale the Parthenon or some adjoining building (Ilarbeing made: it was no essential part of the con- pocrat. s. v. Aei7rvofdpos: Paus. i. 27. ~ 4); and
tract of buying and selling, but only evidence of when the festival commenced, the priestess of the
agreement as to price. (Gains, Dig. 18. tit. 1. s. 35). goddess placed vessels upon their heads, the conAn arrha might be given before the completion tents of which were neither known to them nor to
of a contract, when the agreement was that some the priestess. With these they descended to a
formal instrument in writing should be made, natural grotto within the district of Aphrodite in
before the contract should be considered perfict. the gardens. Here they deposited the sacred yesIf he who gave the arrha refused to perfect the sels, and carried back something else, which was
contract, he forfeited it: if he who had received covered and likewise unknown to them. After
the arrha, refused to perfect the contract, he was this the girls were dismissed, and others were
obliged-to return double the amount of the arrha. If chosen to supply their place in the acropolis. The
the arrha was given as evidence of a contract abso- girls wore white robes adorned with gold, which
lutely made, it was evidence of the unalterable were left for the goddess; and a peculiar kind of
ob.ligation of the contract, which neither party cakes was baked for them. To cover the expenses of
alone could rescind; unless the arrha was ex- the festival, a peculiar liturgy was established, called
pressly given to provide for the case of either adI,7ipopia. All other details concerning this fesparty changing his mind, on the condition that if tival are unknown. (Comp. C. F. Hermann, Le/lsb.
the giver receded from his bargain, he should for- der gottesdienstl. Alterlt. ~ G1. n. 9.) [L. S.]
feit the arrha, and if the receiver receded from ARROGA'TIO. [ADOPTIO.]
his bargain, he should forfeit double its value. AIRTABA (&pTCrci), a Persian measure of
When the contract was completely performed, in capacity, principally used as a corn-measure, which
all cases where the arrha was money, it was re- contained, according to Herodotus (i. 192), 1 mestored, or taken as part of the price, unless special dimnus and 3 choenices (Attic), i.e. 51 choenices
customs determined otherwise; when the arrha -=102 Roman sextarii= 127 gallons nearly; but,
was a ring or any other thing, not money, it was according to Suidas, Hesychius, Polyaenus (Strat.
restored. The recovery of the arrha was by a iv. 3, 32), and Epiphanius (Pond. 24) only 1
personal action. Attic medimnus =96 sextarii 12 gallons nearly:
The arrha in some respects resemlbles the deposit the latter is, howev-er, only an approximate value,