Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1 208 ~ N U. iN U'I.
e.) to the Privernatinum and Rheginum, but richer x. 161; Plin. H. N. xiv. 9.) Martial appears to
(AtLrapWTrpoe), and ripeninag quickly. have held them all very cheap, since lie pronounces
The fourth rank contained the Mfamter/inum, the vinegar of Egypt better tihan its winle. (xiii.
from tile neighbourhood of Messana, first brought 112.)
into fashion by Julius Caesar. The finest, called \'e read of several wines which received their
J'otalctuinm ('ITraA7vos, Athen. i. p. 27, d.), from designation, not firom the region to which they bethe fields nearest to the main land, was sound longed, but firom the particular kind of grape friomt
(sitis), light, and at the same time not without which they were made, or from some circumstance
body. Tile Tauromeni/mneio was frequently sub- connected with their history or qualities. Names
stituted fraudulently for the Mamertinum, which it belonging to the former class were in all likelihood
resembled. (Athen. i. p. 27, d.; Piin. 1. c.) bestowed before the most favoured districts were
Of the wines in Southern Gaul, that of Baeeer- generally known, and before the effects produced
s'e alone bore a high character.'The rest were upon the vilie, by change of soil and climate, hlad
looked upon with suspicion, in consequence of the been accurately observed and studied. After these
notorious frauds of the dealers in the Province, who matters were better understood, habit and mercancarried oit the business of adulteration to a great tile usage would tend to perpetuate the ancient
extent, and did not scruple to have recourse to appellation. Thus, down to a late period, we hear
noxious drugs. Among other thiings, it was known or -the Amiieaun (Aueiva7o0 oTVos, H-esychl.), from
that they purchased aloes, to heighten the flavour the Ani/nea Vitis, which held the first place amoiong
and improve the colour of their'merchandise, aid vines, and embraced many varieties, carefully discondclucted the process of artificial ripeting so nin- ciminated and cultivated according to different
sklilfully, as to impart a taste of smoke, whichu methods. (Plin. I.f AN xiv. 4. ~ 1; Cato, R. R.
called forth as we have seen above, the mnaledic- 6 and 7; Colum. iii. 2. ~ 7; 9. ~ 3.) It was of
tion of Martial on the fuinaria of Marseilles. (Plin. Grecian origin, having been conveyed by a ThesH. N. xiv. 8.- 5.) salian tribe to Italy (a story which would seem
The produce of the Balearic isles was compared to refer to some Pelasgian migration), and reared
to the first growths of Italy, and the same praise chiefly in Campania around Naples, and in the
wvas shared by the vineyards of Ta, rrato and La,- Falernus ager. Its characteristic excellence wais
t;on, while those of the Lrdelani were not so much the great body and consequent durability of its
fatned for the quality as for the abundance of their wine. (Firmnissimea siea, Virg. Georg. ii. 97; Galen,
supply. (Ptin. tII N. xiv. 8. ~ 6; NIMart. xiii. 118; Alel. red.c xii. 4; Geopon. viii. 22; Cels. iv. 2;
silius, iii. 370.) }Macrob. ii. 16; Auson. E/p. xviii. 32; Seren.
Returning to the East, several districts of Pon- Satunm. xxix. 544.) So, in like manner, thle ufiotos
tus, Paphlagonia, and Bithyvitia, Lampsiacuis on the olios (Athen. i. p. 28, f.), firom the ijtia umereAos
IHellespont, Telmessus in Caria, Cyprus,'Tripolis, (Colun. iii. 2. ~ 24), which Virgil tells us (Geoig.
Berytus, and Tyre, all claimed distinction, and ii. 93) was particularly suitable for passimn, aind
above all the (CIl 1boniteii, originally firom BIeroea, the tcar-iasn (smoke-wine) of Pltto the comic poet
but afterwards grown in the neiglbourhlood of 1)Da- (Athen. i. p. 31, e.), prepared i greatest perfecnascns also, was the chosen and only drilnk of the tion near Beneventui, from the Ki reaoset arfAees,
(Ireat King (Plin H. I. xiv. 9; Geopon. v. 2'; so r0imned in consequence of the clusters being
Athen. i. p. 28, d.), to wrhich we may join the neither white nor black, but of an intermediate
Jabylon2iun, called nectar by Chaereus (Athen. i. dusky or smnoky hue. (Theophr. 11. P. ii. 4, C. P.
p. 29, f.), and the BGrAToseo from Phoenicia, which v. 3; Aristot. de'Gener. iv. 4; Plin. H. N. xiv. 4,:ioun miany admir mers. (Athen. i. p. 29, b.) The ~ 7'; compare xxxvi. 36, on the gem Cailias.)
last is spoken of elsewhere as Thraciaun, or Grecian, On the other hand, the.awrpfas, on whose dior Sicilian, which maye hiave arisen from thIe same vine fragrance HIertoippus descants in such glowgrl'ape having been disseminated through these ing language (Athen. i. p. 29, e.), is simmply some
countries. (Compare HIerod. ii. 35; Athen.,i. p. rich wine of great age, "toothless, and sere, and
31, a.) wondrous old." (dadorav oe/,e;Xw,, /i'a- aoaerpis..
Passing on, in the last plae, to Egypt, where, yEdpaw, yv E eatiovoiws, Arhen. x. p. 441, d.; see
according to IHellanicus, thIe vine was first dis- Euastath. meld eomi. Od. ii. 340; Casaub. ad A/deem.
covered, the 1o~areoticum, front near Alexandria, de- i p. 29.) The origin of the title dvOooeluas is somiemantds our attention. It is highly extolled by what more doubtful: soine will have it to denote
Atieeaeus, being white, sweet, fiagrant, light wine from a sweet-smnelling spot (Suid. s. v.); others
(AE7-edS), circulating quickly through the friame, more reasonably refer it to tile "bouquet" of the
iend not flying to the head; but superior even to wine itself (HIesych.. sv.); according to Phanias of
this wvas the Taeniotictnm, so named from a long Eresus, in one passage, it was a compound, formed
narrow sandy ridge (remota) near the western ex- by adding one part of sea-water to fifty of must,
tremity of the Delta; it was aromatic, slighetly although, in another place, lie seems to say, that it
astringent, and of,mn oily consistency, mwhich dis- was wine obtained from grapes gathered before they
appeared when it vwas mixed with water: besides were ripe, ii which case it might resemble Chainmthese we hear of the Sebennetictsi, and the vin e of pagnie. (Atlien. i. p. 32, a.; compare p. 462,'e.)
Antylla, a town not fitr from Alexandria. Ad- Those who desire more minute details upon this
vtincing up the valley, the wine of the Thebais, very extensive subject may consult the Geoponic
tand especially of Coptos, was so thin and easily Collection, books iii. to viii. inclusive; the whole
thmrown off that it could be given without iimjury to of the 14th book of Pliny's Natural History, tofever patients; and ascending through. Nubia, to gether with the first thirty chapters of the 23d
the confluence of the: Nile swith the Astapus, we the 12th book of Colnuella, with the commentary
reaclh ikiero', whose wine has been immortalized of Schneider and others; the 2d book of Virgil's
by Lucan. (Athen. i. p. 33, f.; Strab. xvii. p. 799; Georgics, with the remarks of H-eyne, Voss, a-nd
Ior, Cbsarm. i. 37.10; Virg. Georg. ii. 91; Lucan, the old grammarians; Galen, i. 9, and xii. 4