Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

I 1 06 -.TEMPLUMI. -TEMPLU.M.
lumns on the sides. The last arrangement resulted II. PROSTYLE, TETRASTrYLE, of the Ionic order
from the rule adopted by the Roman architects,
who counted by intercolumniations (the spaces
l)etween the columns), and whose rule was to have
wuice as many intercolumniations along tJhe sides of
thee building as in front; another example of the
rule is furnished by the above-mentioned temple
of Fortuna Virilis, which has four columns in front
and, altogether, seven on each side. The Greek
architects, on the contrary, counted by columns,
and their rule was to have twice as mnany columns.- G -
along Ite sides as in front, and one snore, counting - l
the corner columns in each case: sometimes, however, they followed the other rule, as in the temple
at Mylasa, where there are six columns in front
and eleven at each side. Another set of terms,
applied to temples and other buildings having porticoes, as well as to the porticoes themselves, was.derived from the distances between the colunans as:
compared with the lower diameters of the columns.
They were the following:-.
i. IlvtcvoTrvhos, pycnostyle, the distance between the columns a diameter of a column and
half a diameter.
2. vrurvAos, systyle, the distance between the i
columns two diameters of a column.
3. EibruvAos, eustyle, the distance between the
columns two diameters and a quarter, except in the
centre of the front and back of the building, where
each intercolumniation (intercolunmiium) was three
diameters; called eustyle, because it was best
adapted both for beauty and convenience.
4. Aia'rvAos, diastyle, the intercolumniation, or
distance between the columns, three diameters.
5.'ApaodoTuvAos, araeostyle, the distances excessive, so that it was necessary to make the epistyle
(7lsnO-TrXto), or architrave, not of stone, but of
timber. [EPISTvYLIU11.]
These five kinds of intercolumniation are illustrated by the following diagram: -
2
2~
3
or more
Ths following elevations and plans of temples
will aid the reader in understanding the different
terms descriptive of the number and arrangement
of the columns. They are taken from the plates
-to Hirt's Gescliichte der Baukznst;. and although,,for the sake of greater clearness and convenience,
they are not all taken from actual buildings, but
are general representations of each form, yet they
*are not merely imaginary, for they are founded on
a careful comparison of existing remains with the:descriptions of Vitruvies.
I. IN ANTIS.
An engraving of a temple of this form has been. D = D
given under ANTAE.
T R le a ao The above engraving exhibits clearly the prodo.r
The Roman rule might also be stated accord- smus or pronaos, or space enclosed by the portico
ing to the number of columns thus:-tftice as and the side walls projecting beyond the front Awall;
many colunens along the sides as infaront, and one and the cella, with the statue of the god. opposite to
less. the entrance.