Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

TAPES. TAPES. 1097
IeapaXov and vres aXawtiLrvas, acted not only as some of the later Roman Emperors they were given
treasurers, but as trierarchs; the expenses(amount- as presents to the combatants at the Circensian
ing for the two ships together to about sixteen Games. (Sidon. Apoll. Carm?. xxiii. 427.) The
talents) being provided by the state. -They were places most renowned for the manufacture were
elected by XElpoTorfa (Demosth. c. Mid. 570; Babylon (Arrian, Exped. Alex. vi. p. 436, ed.
Pollux, viii. 116.) Other trierarchs had their own Blanc.; Sidon. Apoll. Epist. ix. 13), Tyre and
private raoufal, for the keeping of accounts and Sidon (Heliodor. v. p. 252, ed. Comlmelin.),
better dispatch of business. (Bickh, Id. p. 171, Sardes (Athen. ii. p. 48, b., vi. p. 255, e., xii.
&c.; SchUmann, Ant. Jar. publ. Gr. pp. 250, 312.) p. 514, c.; Non. Marcell. p. 542), Miletus (ArisThe duties of the'EhAAvo'ra.iat are spoken of toph. Ran. 542), Alexandria (Plaut. Pseud. i. 2.
in a separate article. [HELLENOTAMIAU.] 13), Carthage (Athen. i. p. 28, a), and Corinth.
The war fund at Athens (independently of the (Athen. i. p. 27, d.) In reference to the texture,
tribute) was provided from two sources, 1st, the these articles were distinguished into those which
property-tax [EIsPHORs ], and 2dly, the surplus were light and thin with but little nap, chiefly
of the yearly revenue, which remained after de- made at Sardes and called tNhox7'rdles (Athen. vi.
fraying the expenses of the civil administration, p. 255, e., xii. p. 514, c.; Diog. Laert. v. 72), and
T'r7reptlo'a Xptxp7 aTa'rT7 S r oI K o-tESs. Of the ten those in which the nap (laANods) was more abund-:2*parr1iyOL, who were annually elected to preside ant, and which were soft and woolly (ovAoe, Hom.
over the war department, one was called crv'paT'rys' 1. xvi. 224; yaAaioc p9Lolo, Od. iv. 124). The
d irrl'-rs tLouLja'creWs, to whom the management thicker and more expensive kinds (lahAAwToi) reof the war fund was entrusted. He had under sembled our baize or drugget, or even our soft and
him a treasurer, called'rascas 7'-v eorpar:wc'rtcvc, warm blankets, and were of two sorts, viz. those
who gave out the pay of the troops, and defrayed which had the nap on one side only (E'repod'aAxAL),
all other expenses incident to the service. De- and those which had it on both sides, called
mosthenes, perhaps on account of some abuses dacupla7rot (Athen. v. p. 197, b., vi. p. 255, e.; Diog.
which had sprung up, recommended that the Laert. v. 72, 73), amphitapae (Non. Marcell. p.
generals should have nothing to do with the mili- 540; Lucil. Sat. i. p. 188, ed. Bip.), or dtpsL'tarriTres
tary fund, but that this should be placed under the (Eustath. in Hows. I1. ix. 200), and also a,utpigahXo
care of special officers,'raupia tral a8Wtwuoioel, who or amplzotzallc. (Plin. H. N. viii. 48. s. 73.) Inshould be accountable for its proper application: stead of being always used, like blankets, in single've vs Trre Xp7/rodTwv A'&yov 7rapa'rovUryv pieces as they camne from the loom [PALLIUM],,aga&,vetv, o've 6 Trv Ep'CyWv -rapa sroP 0rvTprcvsyoO. carpets were often sewed together. (Plaut. Stich.
(De Cherson. 101.) The passage just cited con- ii. 2. 54.) They were frequently of splendid
firms the opinion of those who think that in De- colours, being dyed either with the kermes (Hor.
mnosth. de Coron. 238, 265, the words i iErv'7s Sat. ii. 6. 102-106) or with the murex (dXospye7s,
&IolKsO ecovs refer to a o-Tpa-T-ryos so designated, aXAi7ropoqpoe), and having figures, especially huntand not to the'raltias Tr-s rpoS58os. (Schoimann, ing-pieces, woven into them. (Sidon. Apoll.. c.;
Alnt. Jum'. pzubl. Gr. p. 252, n. 7; Bdckh, Id. p. Plaut. Pseud. i. 2. 14.) These fine specimens of
168; Meier, Att. P-roc. p. 105.) tapestry were spread upon thrones or chairs, and
So much of the surplus revenue, as was not re- upon benches, couches, or sofas, at entertainments
quired for the purposes of war, was- to be paid by (Heom. II. ix. 200, Od. xx. 150; Virg. A2en. i. 639,
the treasurer of the revenue into the Theoric fund; 697-700; Ovid. Aiet. xiii. 638; Cic. TusC. v. 21),
of which, after the Archonship of Euclides, special more especially at the nuptials of persons of dismanagers were created. [THEOKICA.] tinction. Catullus (Argon. 47-220) represents
Lastly, we have to notice the treasurers of the one to have been so employed, which exhibited the
delmi, sjsoov'a,uvat, and those of the tribes, (pvxoc whole story of Theseus and Ariadne. They were'raeiaa, who had the care of the funds belonging to even used to sleep upon (Heom. Il. x. 156; Anac.
their respective comnunities, and performed duties viii. 1, 2; Theocrit. xv. 125; Aristoph. PliLt. 540;
analogous to those of the state treasurers. The Virg. Aen. ix. 325, 358), and for the clothing of
demi, as well as the tribes, had their common horses. (Acn. vii. 277.) The tapestry used to
lands, which were usually let to farm. The rents decorate the bier and catafalque at the APOTHEOSIS
of these formed the principal part of their revenue. of a Roman Emperor was interwoven with gold.
4'Aapxos, 8iuapXoq, and other local functionaries (Herodian, iv. 2, p. 82, ed. Bekker.) The orientals
were appointed for various purposes; but with re- upon occasions of state and ceremony spread
spect to their internal economy we have but scanty carpets both over their floors and upon the ground.
information. (Schdmann, (de Comit. pp. 371-378, (Aeschyl. Agnae. 879 —936; Athen. iv. p. 131, b.,
Ant. Jnzr. pubbl. Gr. pp. 203, 204.) [C. R. K.] xii. p. 514, c.)
TAPES dr TAPE'TE (Non. Marcell. p. 229, Besides the terms which have nowbeen explained,
ed. Merceri), da'rdsr, Ta7ris, or daarns, dim7z. 8asriasov, the same articles of domestic furniture had denoa piece of tapestry, a carpet. minations arising from the mode of using them,
The use of tapestry was in very ancient times either in the TRICLINIUsM (triclisniaeria Babylonica,
characteristic of Oriental rather than of European Plin. H. AT. viii. 48. s. 74) or in the CunBIcuLur
habits (Athen. ii. p. 48, n.); we find that the (cubicularia polymita, Mart. xiv. 150), and espeAsiatics, including the Egyptians and also the cially from the constant practice of spreading them
Carthaginiains, who were of Asiatic origin, excelled out (lextile stragnlum, Cic. Tuse. v. 21.; stratum,
in the maiiufacture of carpets, displayed them on C. Nepos, Ages. viii. 2; vestis stragula, Liv. xxxiv.
festivals and other public occasions, and gave them 7; Her. Sat. ii. 3. 1118; erpwwu/aLe, Plit. Lycurg.
as presents to their friends. - (Xen. Anab. vii. 3. p.. 86, ed. Steph.; Athen. iv. p. 142, a., o"rp&c6a'ra,
~ 18t, 27.) They were nevertheless used by the ii. p. 48, d.). The Greek term peristromea, which
Greeks as early as the age of Homer (Il. xvi. 224, was transferred into the Latin (Diog. Laert. 1. c.;
xxiv. 230, 645, Od. iv. 298, vii. 337), and by Plaut. Stick. ii. 2. 54; Citc Phil. ii. 27), had a