Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

94 ANAXAGO REI A. ANGARIA.
was differently fixed by law, according to the ANCHISTEIA (&yXowEi'a). [tlIn.E.]
nature of the charge. In cases of murder, the ANCI LE. [SALII.]
period was never less than three months, and in ANCILLA. [SERVUS.]
others the trial in court commenced on the A'NCORA. [NAVIs.]
thirtieth day after the beginning of the anacrisis, A'NKULE (a&yKtCAX). [HASTA.]
as, e. y. in the agtcaa ipaLrLca, ELy7roplKale, tAeTaXtA- ANDABATAE. [GLADIATOR.]
icae, and:rpouo's (Harpocrat. s. v. /uje1/voL WaiL; ANDREIA (vSpea). [SrssITmA.]
Pollux, viii. 63, 101), and the day fixed for the A'NDRIAS (avpias). [STATUARIA.]
trial was called cvupLa -ou vdPvou. (Demosth. c. ANDROGEO'NIA ('AvSpo0ysCmvla), a festival
lAIid. p. 544.) In other cases, the day was fixed with games, held every year in the Cerameicus at
by the magistrate who conducted the anacrisis. Athens, in honour of the hero Androgeus, son of
But either party might petition for a postponement Minos, who had overcome all his adversaries in the
of the trial, and the opposite party might oppose festive games of the Panathenaea, and was afterthe petition by an oath that the ground on which wards killed by his jealous rivals. (Pans. i. 27.
the delay was sought for, was not valid, or un- ~ 9; Apollod. iii. 15. ~ 7; Hygin. Fab. 1; Diod.
satisfactory. (Harpocrat. s. v. ayOv'rraoo-rLa; Pollux, iv. 60, 61.) According to H-esychius, the hero also
viii. 60.) Through such machinations, the deci- bore the name of Eurygyes (the possessor of exsion of a case might be delayed to the detriment of tensive lands), and under this title games were
justice; and the annals of the Athenian courts are celebrated in his honour, 6 &er' Edpu-ryvp'yc&'.
not wanting in numerous instances, in which the (Hesych. vol. i. p. 1332; K. F. Hermann, Gottesends of justice were thwarted in this manner for a dienst. Alterth. d. Griechen, ~ 62, n. 22. [L. S.]
number of years. (Demosth. c. Mlid. p. 541; ANDROLE'PSIA (a&vpoXrlia or &avpo;icomp. Meier and Schomann, DerAtt. Proc. p. 622; ALov), a legal means by which the Athenians were
C. F. Hermann, Grsiech/. Staatsalll. ~ 141; Schb- enabled to take vengeance upon a community in
man, Antiquit. Juzr. pobl. Graec. p. 279; Wachs- which an Athenian citizen had been murdered.
muth, Hellen. Alterthuilskmsnde, ii. p. 262, &c. For when the state or city in whose territory the
2nd edit.) The examination which an archon un- murder had been committed, refused to bring the
derwent before he entered on his office, was like- murderer to trial, the law allowed the Athenians
wise called avacKptios. [L. S.] to take possession of three individuals of that
ANALEMMA (ac'adxr1ta), in its original state or city, and to have them imprisoned at
meaning, is any thing raised or supported; it is Athens, as hostages, until satisfaction was given,
applied in the plural to walls built on strong or the murderer delivered up, and the property
foundations. (Hesych. Snid. s. v.) Vitruvius uses found upon the persons thus seized was confiscated.
the word to describe an instrument which, by (Demosth. c. Aristocr. p. 647; Harpocrat. s. v.;
marking the lengths of the shadows of a fixed Pollux, viii. 40; Suid. and Etym. lI. s. v.;
gnomon, showed the different altitudes of the sun Bekker, Acecdot. p. 213.) The persons entrusted
at the different periods of the year. (Vitruv. ix. with the office of seizing upon the three hos7, 8. s. 6, 7, Schneider.) It must not be con- tages, were usually the trierarchs, and the comfounlded with the modern analemma, which is much manders of ships of war. (Demosth. De Coron.
more complicated and precise than the instrument Trier. p. 1232.) This Athenian custom is analodescribed by Vitruvius. [P. S.] gous to the ciarrigatio of the Romans. (Liv. viii.
ANAPIE'SMATA. [THEATRUM.] 14.) [L. S.]
ANATHE:MATA (a'va6uaera'.) [DONARIA.] ANDRONI'TIS. [DOMUs, GREEK.]
ANATOCISMUS. [FENUs.] ANGARI'A (&y-yapefa, Hdt. ayyap4ior) is a
ANAUMACHIOU GRAPHE' (&i'ai/aXeiou word borrowed from the Persians, signifying a
ypaoh), was an impeachment of the trierarch system of postilg, which was used among that
who had kept aloof from action while the rest people, and which, according to Xenophon, was
of the fleet was engaged. From the personal na- established by Cyrus. Horses were provided, at
ture of the offence and the punishment, it is certain distances, along the principal roads of the
obvious that this action could only have been di- empire; so that couriers (y7yapot), who also, of
rected against the actual commander of the ship, course, relieved one another at certain distances,
whether he was the sole person appointed to the could proceed without interruption, both night and
office, or the active partner of the perhaps many day,andin all weathers. (Herod. viii. 98; iii. 126;
oasreXssv, or the mere contractor (o6 uolcow - Xen. Cyrop. viii. 6. ~ 17; Suid. s. v.) It may easily
odtuEvos). In a cause of this kind, the strategi be supposed that, if the government arrangements
would be the natural and official judges. The failed in any point, the service of providing horses
punishment prescribed by law for this offence was made compulsory on individuals; and hence
was a modified atimia, by which the criminal and the word camne to mean compulsory service in forhis descendants were deprived of their political warding royal messages; and in this sense it was
franchise; but, as we learn from Andocides, were adopted by the Romans under the empire, and is
allowed to retain possession of their property. frequently found in the Roman laws. The Roman
(De Myst. p. 10. 22, ed. Steph.; Petit. Leg. A tt. aycariia, also called angariaerum e hibitio or prac
p. 667.) [J. S. M.] statio, included the maintenance and supply, not
ANAXAGOREIA (a&vaiayopera), a day of only of horses, but of ships and messengers, in forrecreation for all the youths at Lampsacus, which warding both letters and burdens; it is defined as
took place once every year, in compliance, it was a personale munus; and there was no ground of
said, with a wish expressed by Anaxagoras, who, exemption from it allowed, except by the favour
after being expelled from Athens, spent the re- of the emperor. (Dig. 50. tit. 4. s. 18. ~~ 4, 29;
mainder of his life here. This continued to be ob- tit. 5. s. 10, 11; 49, tit. 18. s. 4. ~ 1; Cod. Theod.
served even in the time of Diogenes LaErtius. 8. tit. 5; Cod. Justin. 12. tit. 51.)
(zAncaivag. c. 10.) [L. S.] According to Suidas, the Persian word was ori