Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

RLICINIUMI. ROSTRA. 995
see the old treaty between the Eleians and He- by femlales. (Varro, 1. c.; Fest. s. v. Rica..) The
raeans-'A Fpdrpa, between the two,commemorated grammarians appear themselves to have had no
in the valuable inscription still preserved, - as an-'clear idea of the ricinium; but after careful examicient, according to Bickh,as Olym. 40 —60 (Bockh, nation of the passages above referred to, it appears
Cohip. 122script. No. ii. p. 26, part i.). The words to have been a kind of mantle, with a sort of cowl
of Tyrtaeus imply such a contract between the attached to it, in order to cover the head. It was
contracting parties: first the kings, then the sena- also worn by mimes upon the stafe (Fest. I.c. and
tus, lastly the people, — eOeLas fPrIpats &aTeirae.Me- s. v. Orchestrca), and the mavortium, mavorte, or
~oyevovs,-wheretheparticiplelastoccurringapplics may-ors of later times was thought to be only annot to the people alone, but to all the three. The other name for what had formerly been called riciRhetra of Lycurgus emanated from the Delphian nium. [L. S.]
god: but the kings, senators, and people all bound ROBIGA'LIA, a public festival in honour of
themselves, both to each other and to the gods to the god Robigus to preserve the fields from milobey it." (Grote, Hlist. of Greece, vol. ii. p. 462; dcw, is said to have been instituted by Numa, and
for a different explanation of the word, see Thirl- was celebrated a. d. v-ii. Kal. Acli. (April 25th).
wall, Hist. of Greece, vol. i. p. 335, 2d ed.) (Plin. I. Nr xviii. 29. s. 69; Varro, Re Runst. i.
RHYTON (PvgV ),a drinking-horn (mKpae), by 1. p. 90, ed. Bip., Ling. Lat. vi. 16, ed. Miill..;
which nameit was originally called, is' said by Athe- Festus, s. 7'.) The sacrifices offered on this occanaeus (xi. p. 497, b) to have been first made under sion consisted of the entrails of a dog and a sheep,
Ptolemy Philadelphus; but it is even mentioned accompanied with frankincense and wine: a prayer
in Demosthenes (c. jIlid. p. 565. 29), as Athenaeus was presented by a flamen in the grove of the anhimself also remarks. The oldest and original cient deity, whom Ovid and Columella make a
form of this drinking-horn was probably the horn goddess. (Ovid. Fiast. iv. 907-942; Colum. x.
of the ox, but one end of it was afterwards orna- 342.) A god Robigus or a goddess Robigo is at
mented with the lseads of various animals and mlere invention from the name of this festival, for
birds. Ve frequently find representations of thle the IRomans paid no divine honours to evil deities.
iu'&dv on ancient vases depicting symposia. Several (IIartnm', Die Religion der Ri7ber, vol. ii. p. 148.)
specimens of these drinking-horns have also been ROBUR. [CaRcEn, p. 241, a.]
discovered at Pompeii (Altseo Borbonico, vol. viii. RtOGA'TIO. [Ix, p. 682.]
14, v. 20): representations of two of these are ROGATO'RES. [DIuIsIORmEas.]
given in the annexed cut. 1OGUS. [FUNLTS, p. 559, b.]
RO.MPHEA. [I-HAST, p. 589, a.]
~_gE7i __ _ J + RORA/RII. [Ex ERacIus, pp. 495, 502, b.J
(\4 2;{{X\5OIP \STIA, or The Beaks, was the name applied
\' I ill~i/?jSI. to the stage (stlesetls) in the Forrinl, from which
\\i____ Z the orators addressed the people. This stage wa.s
originally called teinplnum (Liv. ii. 56), because it
41' z.,, t <^^- ~was consecrated by the augurs, but it obtained its
\( -J) nwamlne of Rostra at the conclusion of the great Latin
war, when it was adorned with the beaks (rostra)
of the ships of the Antiltes. (Liv. viii. 14; Flor.
i. Il; llili. 1". xiD.. 11.) T'he Greeks.
also mutilated galleys in the samle way for the
The uTov had a small openlil at the bottomll, purpose of trophies: this was called by them
which the person who drank. put into his niouth, 6cepw7r7piadeiv. [ACROTERIUM.]
and allowed the wine to runl in: hence it derived The Rostra lay between the Comitinm or place
its name ('voetaeOai rcr &rb 7h'is'P6oEwS, Athenl. of meeting for the curies, and the Forum or place
xi. p. 497, e). WVe see peesonls itsilg the pvbdv in of meeting for the tribes, so that the speaker might
this way in ancient paintings. (Pitt. d'Ercol. -i. t. turn either to the one or the other, but down to
46; Zahn, Ornacz. zcd m1acsdlyee. t. 90.) Martial the time of C. Gracchus, even the tribunes in
(ii. 35) speaks of it under the lnamle of Rhlytiume. speaking used to front tile Comitiuim; he first
(Becker, Clhlaik-les, vol. i. p. 505.) turned his back to it and spoke with his face toRICA. [FLAMENiT.] wards the forum. (Niebuhr, Hist. of Romne, vol. i.
RICI'NI U M, REC'NIIUM or RECINUS, an p. 426, note 990.) The form of the Rostra has
article of dress. The name was accordingto Festus been well described by Niebuhr (vol. iii. p. 144,
(s. v.) applied to any dress consisting of a square note 268) and Bunsen (quoted by Arnold, list. of
piece of cloth. It occurs in a fragmllent of the Roime, vol. ii. p. 164): the latter supposes "that
Twelve Tables (Cic. de Leg, ii. 23), and the an it was a circular building, raised on arches, with
cient commentators according to Festus explained a stand or platform on thie top bordered by a parathe word there'as a toga for rwomlen (if the reading pet; the access to it being by two flights of steps,
Frer. togeas be right instead of virilemz togam), with one on each side. It fronted towards the comitiiml,
a purple stripe in front. That it was an article of amid the rostra were affixed to tie front of it, just
female dress, and more especially a small and short under the arches. Its form has been in all the
kind of pallimn, is stated by Nonius (xiv. 33) on main points preserved in the ambonos, or circular
the authority of Varro. It was worn in grief and pulpits, of the most ancient churches, which also
mourning, and in sutch a manner that one half of it had two flights of steps leading up to them, one on
was thrown back (Varro, de Ling. Let. v. 132; the east side, by which the preacher ascended,
Serv. ad Aen. i. 286; Isidor. Orig. xix. 25), and another on the west side, for his descent.
whence the ancient grammarians derive the word Specimens of these old churches are still to be
from rzjiceee, although it is manifestly a derivative seen at Rome in the churches of St. Clement and
from rica(, which was a covering of thIe head used S. Lorenzo fuori le mure." The speaker wa.s thet;
3s2