Dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

-986 REPETUNDAE. PREPETUNDAE.
scale-beam is sometimes called iarcv'v instead of Iex JUnia and the Lox Calpurnia are mlentionedc
CUYOV. [JUGUMI.1 [J. Y.] in the Lex Servilia.
REI UXO'RIAE or DOTIS ACTIO. [Dos.] The Lex Servilia Glaucia was proposed and catRELA/TIO. [SENATUS.] ried by C. Servilius Glaucia Praetor B. C. 1 00.
RELEGA'TIO. [ExsILsaue. p. 515,.] Tlis Lex applied to any nmagistratus who had im.REMANCIPA'TIO. [EMANCIPATIO.] properly taken or received money from any private
IREMULCUM (UPljovXKe? Trs vaes), a rope person; but a magistratus could not be accused
for towing a ship, and likewise a tow-barge ("Re- during the term of office. The Lex enacted that
mulcerln, funis, quo deligata navis magna trahitur the Praetor Peregrinus should annually appoint
vice remi'" Isid. Orig. xix. 4. ~ 8; Remuelco est, 450 judices for the trial of this offence: the judices
quum scaphae remis navis magna trahitur," Festus, were not' to be senators. The penalties of the Lex
s. v.; comp. Caes. B. C. ii. 23, iii. 40; Hirt. B. were pecuniary and exsilium; the law allowed a
Alex. 11; Liv. xxv. 30, xxxii, 16; Polyb. i. 27, comperendinatio. (Cic. inz Verr. i. 9.) Before the
28, iii. 46). Lex Servilia, the pecuniary penalty was simple
REMU'RIA. [Lst uRIA.] restitution of what had been wrongfully taken;
REMUS. [NAVIS, pp. 787, b., 788, a.] this Lex seems to have raised the penalty to double
REPA'GULA. [JANUv, p. 626, b.] the amount of what had been wrongfilly taken';
REPETUNDAE, or PECUNIAE REPE- and subsequently it was made quadruple. ExsiTUNDAE. Repetundae Pecaniae in its widest lium was only the punishment in case a man did
sense was the term used to designate such sums of not abide his trial, but withdrew from Rome.
money as the Socii of the Roman State or indivi- (Savigny, Vdon dent Scalzts der Jliidl.,Zeitsclisft, x.)
duals claimed to recover from Magistratus, Judices, Under this Lex were tried M' Aquillius, P. Rutior Publici Curatores, which they had improperly lius, N. Scaurus, and Q. Metellus Numidicus. The
taken or received in the Provinciae, or in the Urbs Lex gave the Civitas to any person on whose comRoma, either in the discharge of their Jurisdictio, plaint a person was convicted of Repetundae. (Cic.
or in their capacity of Judices, or in respect of any -'o Bealbo, 23, 24.)
other public function. Sometimes the word Repe- Th3 Lox Acilia, which seems to be of uncertain
tundae was used to express the illegal act for which date (probably B. c. 1 01), was proposed and carried
compensation was sought, as in the phrase "' Repe- by Mi' Acilius Glabrio, a Tribunus Plebis, which
tundarism insimulari, damnnari;" and Pecuniae enacted that there should be neither ampliatio nor
meant not only money, but anything that had comperendinatio. It is conjectured that this is the
value. The expression which the Greek writers Lex Caecilia mentioned by Valerius Maximus (vi.
sometimes use for Repetundae is &ilct 3&ppwv. (Plut. 9, 10), in which passage if the conjecture is correct,
Sulla, 5.) we should read Acilia for Caecilia. (Cic. in Verr.
It is stated by Livy (xlii. 1) that before the year Act. i. 17, in Verr. i. 9.) It has sometimes been.n. c. 173, no complaints were made by the Socii of doubted whether the Acilia or Servilia was first
being put to any cost or charge by the Roman magis- enacted, but it appears that the Acilia took away
tratus. When complaints of exactions were made, the comperendinatio which the Servilia allowed.
anI inquiry was instituted into this offence extra or: The Lex Cornelia was passed in the dictatorship
dinem ex Senatusconsulto as appears. from the case of Sulla B. C. 81, and continued in force to the time
of P. Furius Philus and M. Matienus, who were of C. Julius Caesar. It extended the penalties of
accused of this offence by the Hispani. (Liv. xliii. Repetundae to other illegal acts committed in the
2.) The first Lex on the subject was the Calpur- provinces, and to judices who received bribes, to
nia, which was proposed and carried by the Tri- those to whose hands the money came, and to those
bunus Plebis, L. Calpurniuts Piso (B. c. 149), who who did not give into the Aerarilum their Proconalso distinguished himself as an historical writer. sular accounts (proconsulares rationes). The Praetor
By this Lex a Praetor was appointed for trying who presided over this quaestio chose the judges by
persons charged with this crime. (Cic. de O/f/ ii. lot fi'orn the Senators, whence it appears that the
21, B2rut. 27.) This Lex only applied to Pro- Servilia Lex was repealed by this Lex, at least so
vincial Magistratus, because in the year B. C. 141 far as related to the constitution of the court.
according to Cicero (de Fin. ii. 1 6) the like offence This Lex also allowed ampliatio and comperendiin a Magistratus Urbanus was the subject of a natio. The penalties were pecuniary (litis aestiQuaestio extra ordinem. It seems that the penal- matio) and the aquae et ignis interdictio. Under
ties of the Lex Calpurnia wer. merely pecuniary, this Lex were tried L. Dolabella, Cn. Piso, C.
and at least did not comprise exsilium, for L. Cor- Verres, C. Macer, M. Folteius, and L. Flaccus,
nelius Lentulus who was Censor B. c. 147, had the two last of whom were defended by Cicero. In
been convicted on a charge of Repetundae in the the Verrine Orations Cicero complains of the conlprevious year. The pecuniary penalty was ascer- perendinatio or double hearing of the cause, which
tained by the litis aestimatio, or taking an account the Lex Cornelia allowed, and refers to the practice
of all the sums of money which the convicted party under the Lex Acilia, according to which the case
had illegally received. for the prosecution, the defence, and the evidence
Various leges de repetundis were passed after were only heard once, and so the matter was dethe Lex Calpurnia, and the penalties were con- cided. (Inn Verrs. i. 9.)
tinually made heavier. The Lex Junia was passed The last Lex de Repetundis was the Lex Julia
probably about B. C. 126 on the proposal of M. Ju- passed in the first consulship of C. Julius Caesar
nius Pennus, Tribunus Plebis. It is probable that B. c. 59. (Cic. in Vest. 12.) This Lex consisted
this was the Lex under which C. Cato, Proconsul of numerous heads (capita) which have been col —
of Macedonia, was living in exile at Tarraco (Cic. lected by Sigonius. (Cic. ad Fainz. viii. 8.) This
pro Balbo, 11; Vell. Pat. ii. 8); for at least exsi- Lex repealed the penalty of exsilium, but in adlium was not a penalty imposed by the Calpurnia dition to the litis aestimatio, it enacted that perLex, but was added by some later Lex. This sons convicted under this Lex should lose their