A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

224 APHAREUS. APHTIIONIUS.
Aristotle's works, which had been given by that in ancient story under the name of 'AOap?7rI8a o0
philosopher, on his death-bed, to Theophrastus, 'Apap-rtadlac, for their fight with the Dioscuri.
and by him to Neleus, who carried them to Scepsis, which is described by Pindar. (Nem. x. 111, &c.)
in Troas, where they remained, having been hidden Two other mythical personages of this name occur
and much injured in a cave, till they were pur- in Horn. II. xiii. 541; Ov. Met. xii. 341. [L. S.]
chased by Apellicon, who published a very faulty APHA'REUS ('A apEv's), an Athenian orato;
edition of them. Upon the arrival of the MSS. at and tragic poet, was a son of the rhetorician HipRome, they were examined by the grammarian pias and Plathane. After the death of his father,
Tyrannion, who furnished copies of them to An- his mother married the orator Isocrates, whc
dronicus of Rhodes, upon which the latter adopted Aphareus as his son. He was trained ir
founded his edition of Aristotle. [ANDRoNIcus the school of Isocrates, and is said to have writter
of Rhodes.] [P. S.] judicial and deliberative speeches (6'jyor acavncKo;
APE'MIUS ('Anfxiuos), a surname of Zeus, Kal OvugIoveuvrnico). An oration of the formel
under which he had an altar on mount Parnes in kind, of which we know only the name, was writ
Attica, on which sacrifices were offered to him. ten and spoken by Aphareus on behalf of Isocratef
(Paus. i. 32. ~ 2.) [L. S.] against Megacleides. (Plnt. Vit. X. Orat. p. 839
APER, a Greek grammarian, who lived in Rome Dionys. Isocr. 18, Dinarch. 13; Eudoc. p. 67
in the time of Tiberius. He belonged to the Suid. s. v.; Phot. Cod. 260.) According to Plun
school of Aristarchus, and was thie instructor of tarch, Aphareus wrote thirty-seven tragedies, bu1
Heracleides Ponticus. He was a strenuous oppo- the authorship of two of them was a matter of disnent of the grammarian Didymus. (Suidas, s. v. pute. He began his career as a tragic writer ii
'HpaKcAEiBts,) [C. P. M.] B. c. 369, and continued it till B. c. 342. H(
M. APER, a Roman orator and a native of gained four prizes in tragedy, two at thie Dionysis
Gaul. rose by his eloquence to the rank of Quaes- and two at the Lenaea. His tragedies formec
tor, Tribune, and Praetor, successively. He is tetralogies, i. e. four were performed at a time ai
introduced as one of the speakers in the Dialogue formed a didascalia; but no fragments, not even a
de Oratoribics, attributed to Tacitus, defending the title of any of them, have come down to us. [L. S.
style of oratory prevalent in his day against those APHEIDAS ('AcpEelas), a son of Areas Ib
who advocated the ancient form. (See cc. 2, 7, &c.) Leaneira, or according to others, by Megasneira
APER, A'RRIUS, the praetorian praefect, and Chrysopeleia, or Erato. (Apollod. iii. 9. ~ 1.
the son-in-law of the emperor Numerian, murdered When Apheidas and his two brothers had growl
the emperor, as it was said, on the retreat of the up, their father divided his kingdom among them
army from Persia to thle Hellespont. He carefully Apheidas obtained Tegea and the surroundien
concealed the death of Numerian, and issued all territory, which was therefore called by poets thi
the orders in his name, till thle soldiers learnt the Kicjpos 'AsPELbdieToE. Apheidas had a son, Aleus
truth by breaking into the imperial tent on the (Paus. viii. 4. ~ 2; ALEUS.) Two other mythicn
Hellespont. They then elected Diocletian as his personages of this name occur in Homn. Od. xxiv
successor, A. n. 284, who straightway put Aper to 305; Ov. Met. xii. 317. [L. S.]
death with his own hand without any trial. Vo- APHE'PSION ('Aqe'icWv), a son of Bathippum
piscus relates that Diocletian did this to fulfil a who commenced operations against the law c
prophecy which had been delivered to him by a Leptines respecting the abolition of exemption
female Druid, " Imperator eris, cum Aprum oc- from liturgies. Bathippus died soon after, and hi
cideris." (Vopisc. Numer. 12-14; Aurel. Vict. son Aphepsion resumed the matter. He was joine
de Gues. 38, 39, Epit. 38; Eutrop. ix. 12, 13.) by Ctesippus. Phormion, the orator, spoke fc
APESA'NTIUS ('A7reoadvreos), a surname of Aphepsion, and Demosthenes for Ctesippus. (Am
Zeus, under which he had a temple on mount gums. ad Dem. Leptin. p. 453; Dem. c. Lept. p.501
Apesas near Nemea, where Perseus was said to Wolf, P-roleg. in Demnosth. Lept. p. 48, &c., pp. 5
have first offered sacrifices to him. (Paus. ii. 15. --56.) [L. S.]
~ 3; Steph. Byz. s.v. 'AErrcOas.) [L. S.] APHNEIUS ('A ossets), the giver of food (
APHACI'TIS ('Ampamcus-), a surname of Aphro- plenty, a surname of Ares, under which he had
dite, derived from the town of Aphace in Coele- temple on mount Cnesius, near Tegea in Arcadi;
Syria, where she had a celebrated temple with an Aiirope, the daughter of Cepheus, became by Arn
oracle, which was destroyed by the command of the mother of a son (Aieropus), but she died at tl
the emperor Constantine. (Zosimus, i. 58.) [L. S.] moment she gave birth to the child, and Are
APHAEA. [BRITOMARTIS.] wishing to save it, caused the child to derive foc
APHA'REUS ('Acape's), a son of the Messe- from the breast of its dead mother. This wond,
nian king Perieres and Gorgophone, the daughter gave rise to the surname 'Aqeiois. (Paus. viii. 4
of Perseus. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 5.) His wife is called ~ 6.) [L. S.]
by Apollodorus (iii. 10. ~ 3) Arene, and by others APHRODISIA'NUS, a Persian, wrote a d
Polydora or Laocoossa. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. scription of the east in Greek, a fragment of whis
i. 152; Theocrit. xxii. 106.) Aphareus had three is given by Du Cange. (Ad Zonar. p. 50.) A
sons, Lynceus, Idas, and Peisus. He was believed extract from this work is said to exist in the roy
to have founded the town of Arene in Messenia, library at Vienna. He also wrote an historic
which he called after his wife. He received Neleus work on the Virgin Mary. (Fabric. Bibl. Grac
and Lycus, the son of Pandion, who had fled from xi. p. 578.) [P. S.]
their countries into his dominions. To the former APHRODI'SIUS, SCRIBO'NIUS, a Rom;
he assigned a tract of land in Meessenia, and from grammarian, originally a slave' and disciple
the latter he and his family learned the orgies of Orbilius, was purchased by Scribonia, the first w\
the great gods. (Paus. iv. 2. ~ 3, &c.) Pausanias of Augustus, and by her manumitted. (Suet.
in this passage mentions only the two sons of I ustr. Grams. 19.)
Aphareus, Idas and Lynceus, who are celebrated LAPHTH O'NIUS ('A-etvios), of Antioch,