A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DRUSUS.

DRUSUS. 1077

a
I

- -,-.

17. Nero,
m. Julia,
daughter
of No. 16;
died A D. 30.
18. Drusus; died
A. D. 33.

19. Caius Cae- 20. Agrippi- 21. Drusilla;
sar (emperor na, mother of m. 1. L.Cassius,
CALIGULA); the emperor 2. M. Lepidus;
m. 3. Caesonia. NERO. died A. D. 38.
25. Julia Drusilla; died A. D. 41.

22. Julia Livilla. 23. Drusus;
a22. Three other died A. D.
children; died 20.
young. 24. Claudia.

OTHER DRUSI.
26. D. Drusus, Consul suffectus B. c. 137.? (Dig. 1. tit. 13. ~. 2.)
27. C. Drusus, historian. (Suet. Augustus, 94.)

1. M. Livius DRtusus, the father, natural or
adoptive, of No. 2. (Fast. Capit.)
2. M. LIvius M. F. DRUsUS AEMILIANUS, the
father of No. 3. (Fast. Capit.) Some modern
writers call him Mamilianus instead of Aemilianus,
for transcribers are not agreed as to the correct
reading of the Capitoline marbles, which are broken
into three fragments in the place where his name
is mentioned under the year of his son's consulship. (Compare the respective Fasti of Marliani,
the fabricator Goltzius, Sigonius, and Piranesi,
ad A. U. c. 606.)
3. C. LIviUS M. AEMILIANI F. M. N. DRUSuS,
was consul in B. c. 147 with P. Cornelius Scipio
Africanus. Of his father nothing is known, but it
may be inferred with much probability that M.
Drusus Aemilianus belonged to the Aemilia gens,
and was adopted by some M. Livius Drusus. It
is possible, however, that M. Livius Drusus, the
grandfather, had by different wives two sons
named Marcus, and that one of them was the son
of Aemilia, and was called, from his mother, Aemilianus. (Diet. ofAnt. p. 641, s. v. Nomen.)
There was a Roman jurist, named C. Livius
Drusus, who has, by many writers, been identified
with the subject of the present article. Cicero
(Tusc. Qu. v. 38) mentions Drusus the jurist before mentioning Cn. Aufidius, and speaks of Drusus
as from tradition (acceplimus), whereas he remembered having seen Aufidius. The jurist Drusus,
in his old age, when deprived of sight, continued
to give advice to the crowds who used to throng
his house for the purpose of consulting him. Hence
it has been rather hastily inferred, that Drusus the
jurist was anterior to Aufidius, and was never
seen by Cicero, and could not have been the son of
the Drusus who was consul in B. c. 147. Others
are disposed to identify the jurist with the son,
No. 5, and there is certainly no absurdity in supposing the son of one who was consul in. c. 1 47
to have died at an advanced age before Cicero (born
B. c. 106) happened to meet him, or was old
enough to remember him. Seeing, however, that
Cicero was an active and inquisitive student at
16, and considering the inferences as to age that
may be collected from the years when No. 4 and
No. 6, the brother and nephew of No. 5, held
offices, the argument founded upon Tusc. Qu. v. 38
seems to be rather in favour of identifying the
jurist with our present No. 3; but, in truth, there
are not sufficient data to decide the question.
(Rutilius, Vitae JClorum 19; Guil. Grotius, de
Vit. JCtorum, i. 4. ~ 8.)
The jurist, whether father or son, composed
works of great use to students of law (Val. Max.

viii. 7), although his name is not mentioned by
Pomponius in the fragment de OrigineJuris. There
is a passage in the Digest (19. tit. 1. s. 37. ~ 1),
where Celsus cites and approves an opinion, in
which Sex. Aelius and Drusus coincide, to the
effect that the seller might bring an equitable action for damages (arbitrium) against the buyer,
to recover the expenses of the keep of a slave,
whom the buyer, without due cause, had refused to
accept. (Maiansius, ad XXX JCtos. ii. p. 35.)
Priscian (Ars Gram. lib. viii. p. 127, ed. Colon.
1528) attributes to Livius the sentence, " Impubes
libripens esse non potest, neque antestari." It is
probable that the jurist Livius Drusus is here
meant, not only from the legal character of the
fragment, but because Priscian, whenever he quotes
Livius Andronicus or the historian Livy, gives a
circumstantial reference to the particular work.
(Dirksen, Brucisthicke aus den Schriften der Rimischen Juristen, p. 45.)
4. M. LivIus C. F. M. AEMILIANI N. DRUSUS,
son of No. 3, was tribune of the plebs in the year
B. c. 122, when C. Gracchus was tribune for the
second time. The senate, alarmed at the progress
of Gracchus in the favour of the people, employed
his colleague Drusus, who was noble, well educated,
wealthy, eloquent, and popular, to oppose his
measures and undermine his influence. Against
some of the laws proposed by Gracchus, Drusus
interposed his veto without assigning any reason.
(Appian, B. C. i. 23.) He then adopted the unfair and crooked policy of proposing measures like
those which he had thwarted. He steered by the
side of Gracchus, merely in order to take the wind
out of his sails. Drusus gave to the senate the
credit of every popular law which he proposed,
and gradually impressed the populace with the belief that the optimates were their best friends.
The success of this system earned for him the
designation patronus senatus. (Suet. Tib. 3.)
Drusus was able to do with applause that which
Gracchus could not attempt without censure.
Gracchus was blamed for proposing that the Latins
should have full rights of citizenship. Drusus was
lauded for proposing that no Latin should be dishonoured by rods even in time of actual military
service. Gracchus, in his agrarian laws, reserved
a rent payable into the public treasury, and was
traduced. Drusus relieved the grants of public
land from all payment, and was held up as a
patriot. Gracchus proposed a law for sending out
two colonies, and named among the founders some
of the most respectable citizens. He was abused
as a popularity-hunter. Drusus introduced a law
for establishing no fewer than twelve colonies, and