Beyond the West: containing an account of two years' travel in the other half of our great continent far beyond the old West, on the plains, in the Rocky mountains, and picturesque parks of Colorado. Also, characteristic features of New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho ... Oregon, Utah, Nevada, and ... California, the end of the West ... the great continental railroad, together with the ... most wonderful natural scenery in the world .../ by George W. Pine.

BEYOND THE WEST.
ed from frowning deserts and forbidding mountains,
by silver steps, to a prominent position in the eyes of
the world and in the hearts of the American people.
These mines will not always go begging; but until
they are made productive, they must be suppliant
at the throne of capital.
It should be remembered that silver mines, unlike
tho,se of gold, require long. continued labor and much
capital properly expended, before they yield up their
shining treasure. Silver is never found detached
like gold. The metal being wholly confined in fossiliferous quartz rock, has to be ground and elaborately worked in costly mills before it can be made
available. Geologists agree that quartz leads had
their origin far down in the bowels of the earth, and
were forcibly ejected from beneath through openings formed by some violent convulsion of nature in
the old granite rocks. These crevices are detected,
and traced from surface indications. The treatment
of galena silver quartz, which is found largely in
Mexico and Arizona, and some places in Nevada, is
very different from the other kinds; the ore requires
-smelting instead of stamping.
The largest establishment for working this kind
of,re, I visited at Oreanna, on the Humboldt Flats.
The ore here conItained such a large percentage of
lead, that it wou'd form a solid mass when st,-imriy
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