Beyond the West: containing an account of two years' travel in the other half of our great continent far beyond the old West, on the plains, in the Rocky mountains, and picturesque parks of Colorado. Also, characteristic features of New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho ... Oregon, Utah, Nevada, and ... California, the end of the West ... the great continental railroad, together with the ... most wonderful natural scenery in the world .../ by George W. Pine.

TRAPPING BEAVER.
eat wood. The insaiivation of the dry food is provided for by the extraordinary size of the salivary
glands.
"Now, every part of these instruments is of vital
importance to the beavers. The loss of an incisor
involves the formation of an obstructive circular
tooth; deficiency of saliva renders the food indigestible; and when old age comes, and the enamel is
worn down faster than it is renewed, the beaver is
no longer able to cut branches for its support. Old,
feeble and poor; unable to borrow, and a,shamed to
beg, he steals cuttings, and subjects himself to the
penalty assigned to theft. Aged beavers are often
found dead with gashes in their bodies, showing that
they have been killed by their mates. In the fall of
1864, a very aged beaver was caught in one of the
dams of the Esconawba River, and this was the reflection of a great authority on the occasion, one Ahshe-goes, an Ojibwa trapper:'Had he escaped the
trap, he would have been killed before the winter
was over, by other beavers, for steal'ng cuttings.'
"When the beavers are about two or three years
old, their teeth are in the best condition for cutting.
On the Upper Missouri, they cut the cotton tree and
the willi,w bush; around Hfdson's Bay.anrd Lake Siperior, iii addition to the willow they cut the,))rlar
ad(, llmple, hemlock, spruce and pine. Thle cutting
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