History of Springfield, Illinois, its attractions as a home and advantages for business, manufacturing, etc. Pub. under the auspices of the Springfield board of trade, by J. C. Power.

ITS ADVANTAGES FOR MANUFACTURING. 41
POPULATION OF STATE. 1850............................19,228
1810..................... 12,282 1860............................32,252
1820......................... 55,211 1870............................46,384
1830........................ 157,445 POPULATION OF SPRINGFIELD.
1840........................ 476,183 1840............................ *00
1840..476,183 1840..........................*1,600
1850......8. 8518450.,5
~~~185 ~~0......................... 851,40 1850.................... 4,533
1860.....................1,70;,740 1860............9,320
1870.......................2,529,410 1870............................17,370
POPULATION OF SANGAMON COUNTY.
* Not official; all others taken from the United
1840............................ 14,716 States census.
GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS.
Very early in the history of the coun- many shafts, the work was abandoned
try, comprised at present in the State of in 1851. It was not resumed until the
Illinois, lead was discovered in the north- autumn of 1865, when one of the old
western portion of the same, in what is shafts was cleaned out ready for business.
now Jo Daviess county. The centre of For the year ending December 1, 1867,
this lead region is a little northeast of one hundred and seventy-six thousand,
the city of Galena. Nearly all the lead three hundred and eighty-seven pounds
produced by those mines, has been taken of lead had been taken out. The numout within a radius of eight miles in ber of laborers had increased from six to
diameter, around this central point. The about sixty.
lead bearing territory extends into Wis- A story is related by Governor Ford,
consin and across into Iowa, but in north- in his history of Illinois, connected with
western Illinois it is confined to Stephen- the early lead mining in this region of
son and Jo Daviess counties. country. The business had been proseMining was prosecuted there previous cuted for many years in Missouri, before
to 1824, and attained its greatest im- it was discovered in the vicinity of what
portance about 1845, after which it de- is now Galena. In 1824 the great richclined. In 1853 the yield was 15,700 ness of the Galena mines became known,
tons of 2,400 pounds each, which de- and in the summers of 1825-6-7, hunclined to 13,366 tons in 1858, and 8,262 dreds and thousands of men from the
tons in 1859. Mining is prosecuted there southern part of Illinois would go up the
at the present time to a greater or less Mississippi river on steamboats, in the
extent. spring, work in the lead. mines through
Lead is found in Hardin county, on the warm weather, and return to their
the Ohio river, about three hundred and homes in the autumn, thus establishing
fifty miles south of the mines above de- a similarity between their migratory hascribed. The discovery was made by bits and that species of the finny tribe
digging a well during the year 1839. No called Suckers. For this reason the Illiattention was given to it until 1841, nois miners were very early called
when it was found in digging another "Suckers" by the few Missourians at
well. In 1842 mining and smelting was Galena.
commenced, but after sinking a great As the fame of these mines extended,