association is not absolute, and the contrasts between male and female voices are presented here to highlight a distinction between two modes of thought and to focus a problem of interpretation rather than to represent a generalization about either sex. (1982, p. 2) It is these "two modes of thought" and the "problem of interpretation" which are of interest to me in this paper. References Friedman, M. (1993). Beyond caring: The de-moralization of gender. In M. J. Larrabee (Ed.), An ethic of care: Feminist and interdisciplinary perspectives (pp. 258 -273). New York: Routledge. Gilligan, C. (1977). In a different voice: Women's conceptions of self and morality. Harvard Educational Review, 47(4), pp. 481-517. Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Gilligan, C. (1987). Moral orientation and moral development. In E. F Kittay & D. T. Meyers (Eds.), Women and moral theory (pp. 19-33). Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield. Hallie, P. (1993). From cruelty to goodness. In C. Sommers & F. Sommers (Eds.), Vice & virtue in everyday life: Introductory readings in ethics (pp. 9-24). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Hare, R. M. (1978). Freedom and reason. In A. G. Oldenquist (Ed.), Moral philosophy: Text and readings (pp. 338-356). Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland. Hekman, S. (1995). Moral voices, moral selves: Carol Gilligan and feminist moral theory. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press. The "Different Voice" of Service Kant, I. (1981). Grounding for the metaphysics of morals (J. W. Ellington, Trans.). Indianapolis, IN: Hackett. Kohlberg, L. (1981). The philosophy of moral development. San Francisco: Harper and Row. Levinas, E. (1969). Totality and Infinity (A. Lingis, Trans.). Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press. (Original work published 1961) Levinas, E. (1985). Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo (R. Cohen, Trans.). Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press. (Original work published 1982) Levinas, E. (1989). Ideology and idealism (S. Ames & A. Lesley, Trans.). In S. Hand (Ed.), The Levinas reader (pp. 235-248). Oxford: Blackwell. (Reprinted from Modem Jewish ethics, pp. 121-138, by M. Fox, Ed., 1975, Athens, OH: Ohio State University Press) Morton, K. (1993). Models of service and civic education. Providence, RI: Campus Compact. Morton, K. (1995). The irony of service: Charity, project and social change in service-learning. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 2, pp. 19-32. Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Saltmarsh, J. (1996). Education for critical citizenship: John Dewey's contribution. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 3, pp. 13-21. Sandel, M. (1992). Morality and the liberal ideal. In J. P. Sterba (Ed.), Justice: Alternative political perspectives (pp. 219-224). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Varlotta, L. (1996). Service-learning: A catalyst for constructing democratic progressive communities. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 3, pp. 22-30. Author CATHERINE LUDLUM FOOS is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Indiana University East. Her research focuses on the ethical and political implications of service-learning. 21
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