Middle English Dictionary Entry
britnen v.
Entry Info
Forms | britnen v. Also bretnen, brutnen, & brit(t)en, bret(t)en, brutten. |
Etymology | OE brytnian deal out, give a share; ME meanings largely from britten, from which it is hard to separate in later ME. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To divide (sth. into parts); (b) to cut (sb.) up; ~ into quarters, to quarter; (c) hunt. to cut up (a deer, etc.); ~ out, cut out.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14178 : Þiss werelld..iss dæledd and brittnedd inntill daless þre.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14631 : Off all þiss werrldess ald tatt iss O sexe daless brittnedd.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8720 : God it wit-schild, þat þou [Solomon] britten [Frf: brettyn; Göt: briten] sua mi child. Yee giue him all til hir allan!
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1971 : Brittonet þi body into bare qwarters And caste vnto curres.
c
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1339 : Britned þay þe brest & brayden hit in twynne.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1611 : He britnez out þe brawen in bryȝt brode [s]cheldez.
- c1440 Thos.Ercel.(Thrn)267 : Cokes come with dryssynge knyfe; That brittened þame [deer] als þay were wode.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)261 : Sethun brittuns he þe best [boar], As venesun in forest.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)481 : Þe bore brittunt þay funde.
2.
(a) To break (sth.) to pieces; shatter, smash; (b) to demolish or raze (a city, etc.); ~ to noght, destroy.
Associated quotations
a
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1487 : With brandes of broun stele þey brettened maylez.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2212 : Baneres he bare downne, bryttenede scheldes.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)223 : Þe bore brittunt his schild.
b
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2 : Siþen þe sege..watz sesed at Troye, Þe borȝ brittened & brent to brondez & askez.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1307 : Balaan..Bretens doun all þe bild & þe bernys quellis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2479 : Ȝour burȝe is bretind [vr. bryttynyd].
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)2256 : Oure burgh ayayn to be beld þat brytynd is to noght.
3.
(a) To tear or cut (sb.) to pieces; rend, slash; slay; ~ to dethe, ~ to noȝt, kill; destroy (the soul); (b) to go to pieces, be annihilated.
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1133 : He wold bruttene alle hise burnes & brenne his londes.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1202 : How balfully he brutned his burnes to deþe.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)147 : Ȝif I assent to þis sin..I be bretenet [vr. britnyd] and brent in baret to byde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)680 : A lowande leder of ledez in londe hym wel semez, & so had better haf ben þen britned to noȝt.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)802 : [The dragon] terez hys rigge..Thus he brittenyd the bere and broghte hym o lyfe.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3972 : His burliche berde was blody berown, Alls he had bestes birtenede and broghte owt of life.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)62/195 : I sall be bayne to be Brittynd and brent in fyre.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1128 : Þe ȝong duk..Ffel on þe fals folke..As bestes bretnes [vr. bretynede] hem alle.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1235 : Þe wronge þat þey wroȝte whan þey brutned..þe byschup seint Jame.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5334 : Ercules..breke all þere batells, britned hom to dethe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10275 : Troiell..britnet with his brond & brisit the grekes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)14034 : Thies brettonit þat bold or he bale dreghit.
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)891 : Those thre..hewed one faste..& brittenede blood & bone.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1547 : Fourty thowsande saraȝenes kene With Brandis lay brettenyde on the grene.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1263 : Ser Beritinus..þai bretned [vr. brityned] to dethe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5612 : Þis baratour..Brettenes þe bald kyng & bringis him of lyue.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)3274 : Both wyf, chyld, and page þei byrttynd sone [vr. smote in sundre] and brent.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)98 : [The boar] brittunt bercelettus bold, Bothe þe ȝunge and þe old.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)184 : Men myȝte noȝte his cowch kenne..for slayn men Þat he hade draun to his denne And brittunt all to bonus.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)2697 : Þis maister..our marches hath enteryd, Brynt vp our biggenges, bryttynd [Ashm: bretted] our kneghtez.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)888 : Hee..brutned in that battle buernes ynow.
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2700 : Hwan hauelok saw his folk so brittene And his ferd so swiþe littene, He cam driuende up-on a stede.