Middle English Dictionary Entry
twelve-mọ̄̆nth n.
Entry Info
Forms | twelve-mọ̄̆nth n. Also twelvemonneth, -monith, twelwemonith, twelffemonithe, twelmonith, twolmonthe, thwolmonith, tuelmount, towlmonith & (?errors) tweluemoþe, twelmoth(e, -moþ(e, -mowth, -mouþe, tweofmoneð, twylmouth, tuelfmoth, tuelmoth, (errors) tueluemomþ, tuelfmor. |
Etymology | OE twelf-mōnð, -mōnaþ; cp. OI tōlf-mānaðr. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: For other forms see twelve num. & month n.
1.
(a) A period of twelve months, a year; twelve-month(es minde, a commemorative service for the soul of a deceased person, held one year after death; of ~ (of) age, of) ~ olde, of) one year of age, one year old; (b) used adverbially or in adv. constructions: a) ~, for a year; al a ~, for an entire year; ~ thre wekes lesse, during all but the last three weeks of the year; ilke ~ a turne, for a spell in each year, once a year; that ~, for that year; during that year; also, for a period of a year [quot. a1425(c1300)]; this ~, during this year; taken wei a ~ er, to take (one's) way a year before (an event); (c) in selected prep. phrases: at the twelve-month(es ende, at the end of the year, after a year's time; in a ~ while, for a period of a year, for a year's time; in the forme (formest) ~, during the first year; ever umbe ~, every year; unto that time ~ ende, until a year from that day, until a year had passed; within the ~ ende, within a ~ stage, within a year's time, before the end of one year.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)211 : Tuelf-monþ hit [Corp-C: it is] ipassed nou þat ȝe gonne out wende.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)209 : Tuelf moneþ [Dgb: Twelue winter] is agon þat y þolede martirdom.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1674 : As a child of twelf month old [vr. of twelfe moneth of age; of twelmoþe age] or lesse..Right so fare I.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3813 : He durst come oute on no party Of alle þe twelue monþe [F Vn an] with no deseyt.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1917 : A tuelfmoth [Göt: tuelmoneth] was gan wit þis.
- (1428) EEWills82/23 : Y wolle þat myne executours, vij yere after my decesse, holdyn twelf monthes mynde.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)101/10 : Take a cokke þat is twelwemonyth eld.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)647/33 : Every day in that twelve-monthe he had to do wyth one knyght owther wyth another.
- (?1470) Stonor1.115 : Shepe I bought of you at the xij month mynd..is in dute..to you xj s.
- (1475) Stonor1.154 : Item, delyveryd to my Cossyn Wyllyam Stonore for the Twelffe monythe ys mynd of my Cossyn, hys ffadyr.
- a1500 Maysters that (BodAdd A.106)3 : In a twylmouth Twa & twynty dayes er sel-couth, þat nedfull is to mannes lyfe.
b
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1128 : He hit dide forði þæt he wolde þurh his micele wiles ðær beon wær it tweolf monð oððe mare.
- c1300 SLeg.11000 Virg.(LdMisc 108)89 : Þis holie man..prechede heom ofte of clannesse and of ore louerdes lore Tweolf monþe [Hrl: Tuelmonþ; Jul: tuelf monþe] and endleue wokes.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2508 : Swiche ioie hadde þai neuer ȝete Tvelmoneth þre woukes las.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.651 : He wolde suffre for a quart of wyn A good felawe to haue his concubyn A twelf monthe [vr. twelmouþe].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.909 : Yet wol I yeue thee leue for to gon A twelf monthe [vrr. twelwemoneth, twelmoþ] and a day to seche and lere An answere.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9090 : No man myȝt..Þat tweluemoþe [vr. twelf monþe; F L'an entier] parte hem asundyr.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10751 : She offred for hym to þe auter..Euery day..Alle þat twelue moneþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11383 : Þis kinges thre þar wai þai tok A tuelmoth [Ld: twelve monyþ] ar þe natiuite.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.337 : I cacche þe crompe..Þat taketh me al a twelf-moneth tyl þat I dispyse Lechecrafte owre lorde and leue on a wicche.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)298 : Gif hym respite A twelmonyth & a day.
- a1425(c1300) NHom.(1) Peter & P.(Ashm 42)214 : Þan fled Symounde of Rome for doute And þat twelfemonethe was he oute.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1570 : Ful really þai rade obout Al þat twelmoth.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)142/19 : Þare es also a maner of tree..þat if a man brynne it and couer þe coles þeroff with aschez, þai will hald in quikk a twelfmonth and mare [Man.(1): ȝere or more].
- (c1441) Paston1.217 : He was not gladder of no thyng þat he harde thys towlmonyth þan he was þer-of.
- a1450 Erliche in þe morwenyng (Cai 175/96)p.314 : Pope Jh'on has grauntyd a ful fayr pardoun To alle þat þese matynys saye..a tueluemomþ [?read: tueluemoniþ; Vrn: A ȝer] in purgatorye off a ful remyssyoun.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)3148 : A worshipfulle woman..was twolmonthe seke in þe palsy.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5429 : Ilka twelmonth a turne þai turnay to-gedire.
- (1470) Will York in Sur.Soc.45179 : I have a prest syngyng for me a twelmonthe in the Charnell att Beverlay.
- a1475(a1400) Man ȝyf þat (Hrl 3954)93 : Tuelmount he pursuwyd with gret sped For to wrekyn hys fader ys ded.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)199/1508 : Treuws þey toke for that dede Twelmonth [LinI: A ȝeir].
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)5643 : In to Fraunce will I fare, Thus twelffemonythe shalt þou fynd me þere.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)771 : With hur handys sche helyth hys hedd A twelmonyth in hur bowre.
- a1525(?1421) Cov.Leet Bk.24 : The peyn..at the fourthe trespas to forswer the fredom of this Cite a twelmonyth & a day.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13230 : A twelmond & two wekes twynnet we noght.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)106/9 : Ylc mon sceolde æfre embe twelf monðe þone teoðe dæl his weorldæltæ Gode syllen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)112/25 : Svm weneð þet ha schule stronglukest beon ifondet iþe forme tweofmoneð [Nero: uormeste tweolf moneð; Tit: forme twelf moneð; Pep: first ȝere] þet ha bigon ancre lif.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9082 : Swych a veniaunce were on hem sent..þey myȝt euer ryȝt so wende Vnto þat tyme tweluemonth ende [F vn an entier].
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9174 : Tyme of grace fyl..At þe twelvemonth ende, on þe ȝole nyȝt..Þe same oure þat þe prest hem banned..atwynne þey woned.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7339 : Þai, wit-in a tuel-moth [Frf: twelue monet; Göt: tueluemoneth] stage, War put vte o þair heritage.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21038 : Domician, Did him to flem in-til an yle; þar he was in a tuelf mor quile [Trin-C: twelmoneþ].
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)38/16 : At te tuel monethes ende..sall sho be recaiuid i-mang þe cuuent.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3157 : Wyþynne þe twelf-monþ [vr. tuelmoth] ende [F N'ert pas li ans encor passés], Swyche a grace God gan hym sende Þat he deyde, þe Duke Segwyn.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)37/12 : Take þe croppys of hennebane and fylle a newe potte..and sette it so in þe erthe..and at þe twelwemonyth ende remwe þe potte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)647/36 : At the twelve-monthes ende, he departed with his lady La Beall Pyllerowne.
2a.
With ref. to a year projected into the future from the present or from a specified day: (a) a year hence, a year later;—usu. used adverbially; a ~; this dai of ~, this date a year hence; (b) in adv. constructions: ~ after, a year later; that dai (a) ~, the same dai ~, etc., on that (the same) day a year later; that tide ~, at that time a year later; this dai (a) ~, on this day a year hence; thilke time a ~, this time (a) ~, at this (same) time a year from now; (c) in adv. prep. phrases: at estern (this time) ~, at Easter (this time) a year hence; in that dai a ~, on that day a year later; also, in constructions with comen v.: at..come ~, at (a specified time) a year hence; at..cometh ~ after, at (the Christmas) a year after (a specified day); bi..come ~ nexte after, by (the Easter) a year after (the date of a grant); unto..thanne nexte to comen a ~, until (a specified time) one year from then.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 *Rwl.Statutes [OD col.] (Rwl B.520) : Heo sullen setten him dai a tuuelfmoneþe ant a dai fram þe dai of his vewe.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)50 : If we schulden..contynuely double bitwene þis day and þis day of xij monþe..it schulde not be but oonly mesurable and finite.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4194 : Bot euer stille þey duden daunce & synge, Tylle þat nyȝt twelmowth were comen aȝeynne.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)197/120 : Heo miȝten þis laste word þar-after onder-stonde þulke time a twelf-Monþe.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)267/216 : Eft þis tyme a twelf-monþe hidere cum to me.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.335 : Þat day a twelfmonþe [Higd.(2): that day twelfemonethe; L eadem die anno revoluto] he tornede water in to wyn.
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(1))154 : I halse þe heiȝliche, Modur deere, Þis tyme twelf-Moneþ to me a-peere.
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(1))165 : Þat tyde twelf-Moneþ [vr. xii moneþ aftur] at Masse he stod.
- (c1400) Higd.(1) (Hrl 1900)521 : This day a twelve monthe the same houre whanne y schal dye, he schal dye.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)55 : That same day a twelfmonthe..he wrouȝt the firste miracle at the bridale turnynge water into wyn.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)163/5 : This day twelve moneth ye muste mete here agayn.
- a1500 St.Jerome (Lamb 432)358/37 : Whan he had bene a yere with grete sorow and werynesse in þe kingis court, the same day twelmoneth serving the king at mete, he myght not for hevynesse kepe hyme from weping.
c
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)178/15 : Seint Iohan þe baptist Baptizede in þe flum Iordan ore louerd Ihesu crist; In þat dai a twelf-monþe ore louerd was at one feste Þare he turnde water to win.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)383 : At þis tyme twelmonyth take at þe anoþer, Wyth what weppen [s]o þou wylt.
- (1417-18) EEWills39/28 : He schele Haue..x li. at Esteren come twelmonthe.
- (1429) RParl.4.337b : To you our said Soverein Lord the Kyng..an hole Disme of your lay poeple, to be arered in maner accustumed, paiable atte Cristemas come Twelmoneth.
- (1430-31) RParl.4.368b : That oyer thridde parte of that..Quinzisme and Disme..to been arezed and paied be the Fest of Ester come tuelfemonethe next after the saide Graunte.
- (1440) Doc.Kent in Bull.IHR 36 (PRO KB 27/715 m.19)88 : We ben accorded atte Cristemasse comethe twelvemonethe after the fest of seint Edward above seid.
- (1449) in Willis & C.Cambridge 211 : Lawfull money of Inglond to be payed at daies here expressed..at Estern next comyng, xx li; at Estern twelmonth after, xx li.
- (1471) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2385 : They shuld finde surete..vnto the morowe of Alle Sowlen daye then next to come atwelmonthe.
2b.
With ref. to a year that is past: the previous year, past year; also, in adv. constructions: this ~, during this past year; this ~ dai, for this past year; during the past year; at this time ~, at this time a year ago, on this day last year; ben (a) ~, ?a year ago.
Associated quotations
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2243 : Þou knowez þe couenauntez kest vs bytwene: At þis tyme twelmonyth þou toke þat þe falled, & I schulde at þis nwe ȝere ȝeply þe quyte.
- (1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43589 : Harry Crouale syn lentyn was a twelvemonneth, at yat tyme he was wel.
- (1460) Paston2.202 : I knowe weell a-bout Halwemasse was twelmoneth I was a-bydyng dayly vpon viij wekys with my maister.
- (1465) Paston1.129 : Consider that I had nought of my livelode for myn expenses at London this thwolmonyth day.
- (1469) Paston2.395 : Of all this twelmothe I haue not had on peny for my wages.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)146/2 : This swerde hath bene in my kepynge the moste party of this twelve monthe.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)298 : Þei harde not a masse þi[s] twelmonyth.
- a1500(?a1450) Paston1.51 : They that haue seid worst of yow seid better of yow than I herd hem sey thys twelmoneth day.