Middle English Dictionary Entry
trust n.
Entry Info
Forms | trust n. Also truste, trost(e, troiste, trist(e, trest(e, treost & (?errors) turst, þrist, thrist. |
Etymology | Prob. ON (cp. OI traust & Dan. trøst, Swed. tröst); cp. ML (from Gmc.) trustis & MDu. troost, troist, trost, MLG trōst. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. traist(e n.
1.
(a) Confidence (in sb. or sth.), reliance (on sb. or sth.), trust; haven ~, to have confidence (in sb. or sth.), rely (on sb. or sth.); with inf.: haven more ~..thanne, think it preferable (to do sth.) rather than (to do sth. else); leien (setten, etc.) ~, place reliance (on sb. or sth.); putten in ~, place reliance on (sb.); also, take (sb.) into one's confidence [quot. a1500 When nettuls]; senden on ~, ?commit (sth. to sb.) with confidence that repayment will be made or service rendered; taken ~, take courage, take heart; (b) religious belief, religious faith, devotion; ben of god ~, to believe, have faith; (c) presumptuous trust, misplaced confidence, overconfidence.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)22/198 : Mi suster strengðe is swiðe bald..ah þah ha ne trust nawt on hire ahne wepnen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7588 : Þeo weoren þa alre witereste þe wuneden on Bruttene mid goden heore iweden, al buten wepnen, þat heom no to-wurðen þurh þrist of þan wepnen.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)408 : Þu art mi man, Al mi trest is þe vpon.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)7242 : The best him neyed & smot him With his vp-coming so fel & grim Þat he a lappe rent out anon Of his brini, þat alle his trust was on.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Deeds 28.15 : Whanne Poul hadde seyn [them], he, doynge thankinges to God, toke trist.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2754 : Mi goode fader..I have in you such a trist..I schal telle you the trowthe.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1113/10 : Kynde ȝiueþ him [ram] tweye hornes..to..be þe more bold and hardy aȝeins aduersaries and enemys by trust of wepene by þe whiche he is ystrengþed and defendid.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6297 : Ȝe ryche men..Ne haueþ no trust of ȝoure sokoure, Nat of ȝoure owne executoure.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.103 : Godferay Bolion said..'More my triste is laid on þe duke Roberd.'
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.113 : Such a wif..is freel of hire feiþ, fikel of hire speche; She makiþ men mysdo manye score tymes; In trist of hire tresour she teniþ ful manye.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Phil.3.3 : We ben circumcysyoun þe whiche seruyn to god with þe spyrite and ioyen in iesu crist, and not in þe flesch hafande trest.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.6.6 : Whoso yeveth thanne largely his seedes to the feeldes that refusen to resceyven hem, lat hym gon, begiled of trust that he hadde to his corn, to accornes of okes.
- (1425) Paston1.3 : I haue..in makyng a procuracie..and also a general appelle..þe which..I shal sende to yowr persone, tantumodo with moneye onward on trust.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)503 : Troste: Confidencia.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.439 : An Old knyht to him thanne gan he Calle, That was bothe ful trewe & hardy, And to him thanne for riht gret trost The passage he be-tok.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)364/176 : A! Marie, take triste vn-to þe, For socoure to þe will he sende Þis tyde.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4546 : All on strenth þair thrist was sett our batell to forbarre.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)155/33 : This worchippfull man had mor truste to renne upon his enmyes than tary for the helpe of theim that wer comyng.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)9/34 : The kyng put alle the trust in Ulfyus to entrete bitwene them.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3322 : To yonder traytour haue I no truste But that he woll vs falselly be-traye.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)54/8 : Desir of right engendrys right; right engendris Trist; trist engendrys largesse.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8002 : Bihoueþ him..þat he..Ȝeue greet trist to his dede.
- a1500 When nettuls (BodPoet e.1)p.269 : Whan..in women be fownd no incypyens, Than put hem in trust and confydens.
- ?a1500(c1442) Paston2.8 : I seyd it nowt to you for no bade trost þat I haue in you.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)10/121 : Leote godd wurchen; haue trust on his help.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)105/5 : Pusillanimitas..is to poure heorte & to earh mid alle ei heh þing to underneomen in hope of godes help ant i trust on his grace.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)125 : Ne mei no þing so wel so þu healen mine wunden; To þe one is al mi trust, efter þine leoue sune.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)187 : Min heoueneliche leche..iblesced beo þe euer as mi trust is þer to.
- ?c1335 Þe king of heuen (Hrl 913)p.120 : To none frend þou nab triste Bot to one Iesus Criste.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.9.2 : Jhesus, seeynge the feith of hem, seide..'Sone, haue thou trust; thi synnes ben forȝeuen to thee.'
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Heb.2.13 : Y wole haue turst [?read: trust] in hym.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)29/15 : Crist seide: 'See, for þi trust haþ saued þe.'
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1042 : In hym [Jupiter] was his hool affeccioun, His souereyn trust and deuocioun, His hope also, and his affyaunce.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)8/289 : A nobil bisschop..In halines his life gun lede..In saint Andrew he had swilk trist.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1835 : Moyses..sayd..'be ȝe of gud trest: god sall vs saue certayn.'
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.5.4a : A man ore a womman in meditacion of god..felis a gret trost in þe godnesse and þe mercie of god.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.82 : Shamefully shent motyn þey been alle þat settyn here trost in grauyn ymagys.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)198/6 : Iosue..by the grete treste that he had in god, comanded the Sone and the mone that thay Sholde not mewe tham fro that place ther as thay weryn atte that houre.
c
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)75 : Trist to longe lif letteð þe mannes shrifte.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.205 : Agelmundus..was to bolde on his trist..and þe Bulgaris com vppon hym in a nyȝt and slowe hyn stan deed.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)308/34-5 : Þei lyuen..hopynge in my prouydence, lesynge þe hope of her owne trist, þat is, not hopinge in her owne propre consceyte, by þe whiche losse of her owne trust þei set noon vnordynat affeccioun in no maner creature ne in no maner create þing.
- ?c1430(c1383) Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Corp-C 296)3 : An ypocrite doþ neuere verrey penaunce, for trist þat he has in his owen holy feyned lif.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3278 : Late repentaunce if man saue scholde, Wheyþyr he wrouth wel or wyckydnesse, Þanne euery man wold be bolde To trespas in trost of forȝevenesse.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)3.37 : Boldnesse is whan a man trespacith vp trust of goddis mercy, þenkyng þt þer is but litil perel in his lif as long as oþer men doth as euel as he or wers.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)72/24-5 : Þe ferthe cornere of pride in þi pytt is boldnesse; þat is, whanne þou art þe boldere to synne for trust of þe mercy of god, & for hope & trust of forȝeuenesse, þou doost þe more synne.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)854 : Be ware of weyn confidens of mercy; Offend not a prince on trust of hys fauour.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)2.4.32a : Thei..upon the trust of mercy have ley in hire lustes to hire lyff is ende.
2.
(a) Confident expectation (of sth., that sth. will occur, etc.), virtual certainty, well-grounded hope; (b) credence, belief; a belief; haven (leien, yeven, etc.) ~, to put credence (in sb. or sth.), believe (sth. is so); (c) in conjunctive phrase: up ~ that, provided that (sb. would do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1181 : I crie in open audience No wedded man so hardy be tassaille His wyues pacience in trust to fynde Grisildis, for in certein he shal faille.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)437/36 : A phisician..hotiþ to alle men hope and trust of recoueringe and of hele.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)602/15 : Þe egle is..liberal and fre of herte..for þe pray þat sche takþ, but it be for grete hungir, sche etiþ it nouȝt allone but puttiþ it forþ in comyne..þerfore ofte oþir foules folewiþ þe egle for hope and trust to haue [L sperantes] som part of hire pray.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)3 : Two þingges þer be þat principally han bolded and caused me this werk to make on hond; The first is trest of ȝoure noble correccion.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1198 : On þe Grekis I haue no better trust, For þei ne spare nouther blood nor age.
- ?a1425 Chauliac(1) (NY 12:Wallner)4.40/10 : Perauenture trist doþ more to þis þan proprete.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)20/8 : All thyngez þat I caste in my hert fo[r] to do, it es my full triste þat thurgh his helpe I sall fulfill it.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)52/25 : In tryst of Goddis helpe aȝeyns þe geaunt he went, and wiþ his slyng & þre stones to grounde he hym felled.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)73/32 : I require..that thei wil anon bring me that holi couerchif, for I haue gret trust that I shal be hole as sone as I se it.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)162/34 : In truste [F fiance] of this, they toke theim in suche wyse to feyght that by the meanes of their gret courage..they had the victorie.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)122/18 : Her her petycionys gracyusly..And if thow do thus, haue very trost that þer alle hertis and wyllis schal be soget to þe.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)87/6 : Me thinkith thei ought to haue but litle truste to be spedde of their requestis whanne thei pray hymbly [to hem] which thei themselffe gaue the auctorite.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8859 : Let vs puruay to Priam prise men of wit, ffor to trete of a tru in trist, of the bettur.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2133 : Thus the sothe experience To themperour yaf such credence That al his trist and al his feith So sikerliche on hem he leith..That thei ben parfitli believed.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1054 : Iubiter..Hym and his hath in proteccioun—Þis was his trust and ful oppinioun.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)200/1 : Tweyn preistys, whech had gret trost in hir maner of crying & wepyng, neuyr-þe-lesse..wer sumtyme in gret dowte whedyr it wer deceyuabyl er not.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)3481 : Vppon his vpriste Þe þridde day we hadden triste.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)4077 : I bileue & haue gode trist Bifore Pilate he dampned was.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)132/18 : Gyff not truste vnto euerilk wurd at þou heris.
- (1461) Let.Hexham in Sur.Soc.44p.ci : A pore kynnesman of myn..verrely hade trist and affiaunce that ye said Humfray hade stonde trew liegeman to kyng Edward and to yow.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)55/33 : The paynenis had a truste and a hope that by their godis they wer releued and grettly sett up.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.125 : It is a gret folye to settyn ony trost in here [astrologers'] talys.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)282 : Whenne gwido felte a grette weyȝt, he trowid þat it hadde y-be þe stiward, and vndir þat trust he drowe vp þe lion.
c
- (1461-2) Paston1.99 : Ser John Fastolff and your seid besecher appoynted be word..that your seid besecher shuld, aftir the decese of the seid Ser John Fastolff, haue the seid plase in Caster..up trust that the same John Paston shuld founde there a college of vij monkes or prestes.
3.
(a) Reliability, trustworthiness; trustiness, fidelity, faithfulness; also fig.; of ivel ~, faithless; (b) security, safety; also, an object of trust, a source of security, that in which one has faith; also fig.; also in apostrophe.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Nich.(LdMisc 108)141 : Þe schipman ope truste of is word wel largeliche him mete.
- c1390 Heil be þow Marie Moodur (Vrn)18 : Heil, Blessed beo þow, Blosme briht, To trouþe and trust was þyn entent.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)23645 : Þese [the good] are for triste bliþe & glad.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1849 : For who was euery ȝit so mad or wood..To ȝif feith or hastily credence To any womman..In whom is nouther trust ne sikernesse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.304 : Priamus..Sent hym [Polidorus] forth besyde vn-to a kyng Of ful gret trust, to haue hym in kepyng.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.403 : This that thow doost, calle it gentilesse, Compassioun, and felawship and trist.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2155 : The emperour of euyll truste Carued off his nose by the gruste.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1240/32 : Comforte thyselff..and do as well as thou mayste, for in me ys no truste for to truste in.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)1.47 : It [crown] was full goodeliche ygraue..Ypouudride wyth pete..And traylid with trouþe and treste al aboute.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)30 : A ȝe vniust prestis, þorow ȝor bidding, þe prest of God..haþ no tryst of preching.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4320 : He [false friend] profriþ him his wille to doo, But þer is no trust therto.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Tob.4.12 : Gret trost shal ben almesse deede beforn þe moste good god, to alle men doynge it.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.32.18 : Sitte shal my puple in fairnesse of pes & in tabernaclis of trost [L fiduciae].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.36.5 : What is þis trost þat þou trostist?
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.281 : O thou my sorwe and my gladnesse, O thou myn hele and my siknesse, O my wanhope and al my trust..For thee mot I be ded algate.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7228 : Of swych, here wombes are here Cryst; Þat ys here loue, þat ys here tryst.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1422 : Myn hertes lif, my trist, al my plesaunce, That I was born, allas, what me is wo!
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1382 : The moeble which that I have in this town Unto my fader shal I take, and seye That right for trust and for savacioun It sent is from a frend of his or tweye.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1259 : O trust, O feyth, O depe asseuraunce! Who hath me reft Criseyde, al my plesaunce?
- (?c1436) Duke Burgundy (Rome 1306)86 : A gretter shame at sege gat hym neuer knyght, fforto see thy bastyle be stroied by goddes myght—It was thy grete trust and chief ordenance.
- ?a1425 My dere sone wher (Lamb 491)214 : Than hang vp þe noumblis by þe vttir throte..And take hem to þi broþere to hold hem for trist Whil þou doubys hem and dightis, as þe list.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.1186 : Many doith synne in hope of trust, I am adradde, And ofte times werke they more ille.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1911 : His sheeld was feith..His sabatouns set on a ground of trouthe..And his vmbras was trust that went beforn, Rerbras of charite which myht nat be forlorn.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)149/11 : My god, Thou art myn hope, þou art my trust, þou my comfort, & most feiþfull in all þinges.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8689 : Þai had no hope of þere heale..All hor trust þan was tynt.
4.
In proverbs & prov. expressions.
Associated quotations
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.41 : Ho may more trayson do Or is loverd betere engine Þan he þat al is trist is to?
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3564 : In al worldly lust, Who loke ariȝt, is but litel trust.
- a1425 Macaron.Serm.(Bod 649)5:100 (p.135) : Sicut veraciter dicitur, 'In trist is treson.'
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.2203 : In trust off comouns is no perseueraunce.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.4520 : Hasti trust doth foolis ofte faille.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2677 : In Penyman is al hys trust.
- (c1460) Paston2.212 : Est wlgare prouerbium..In trost is gret treson.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)221/2 : It was no more trost to þe pope writing þan to a dogge tail.
- a1475 How GWife Pilgr.(Brog 2.1)38 : Oft in trust ys tressoun.
- c1475(?a1440) Burgh Cato(1) (Rwl C.48)174 : Fals fortune turnethe as a balle; In hir trost haue thou no sykirnesse att all.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)750 : In trust ys treson.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)104/24 : Neuer haue trist yn man þat trowys noght þy lawe.
- a1500(a1471) Ashby APP (Cmb Mm.4.42)870 : Put no ful truste in the Comonalte; Thai be ever wauering in variance.
- a1500 Allas diceyte (LdMisc 108)4 : [W]ho trustith to truste ys redy for to falle.
5.
Law (a) The confidence placed in a grantee or feoffee who holds or enjoys the use of property entrusted to him by its legal owner; (b) the condition of having confidence reposed in one or of being legally entrusted; ben put in ~.
Associated quotations
a
- (1415) EEWills24/10 : The forsaide Thomas requyreth his feoffes that they perforne..for all the trust that he hath yn hem.
- (1425) RParl.4.276b : In yappointement maad betwix ye Kyng and ye Kyng of Scottys yr is contiened ane article..O trist of ye whiche article ye Kyng of the Scottys asseured yaym..for seuerte of fulfillyng of ye said appointement yt yei shold..have fredam to retourne into Scotland.
- (1439) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.513 : This is the laste Wil indented of me, William Mekilfeld..Preying..all my feffees of trost in my maneres, londe, & tenementis..to..execute and fulfille after ye forme folwyng, [etc.].
- (1442) RParl.5.57a : The seid Feffees have no title nor interesse therynne but only upon trust and to his use to execute his Wille.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.81/16 : I..haue enfeoffed, vppon grete faith and truste..Thomas Bourchiere..and other..my wille and entent of the said feoffament..is, [etc.].
- (1459) Paston2.180 : The auncetrie or som cosyn of that Teynton was infeffed of trust yn the seyd maner bethyn thys xl yere.
- (1473) RParl.6.72b : Provided also that any Manoirs, Londes..Rentes..and other Enheritaments..of the which any persone or persones enfeoffed or graunted the Kyng sole, or to the Kyng joyntly with other..of trust to have to the use of such persone or persones..be not comprised in this Acte, howe be it that in the seid Feoffement or Graunt noo such wordes of trust be comprised.
- a1525(?1426) Cov.Leet Bk.106 : At that tyme afore the seyd persons sworne seyd that the feffement that the seyd Nich. made to Ric. Joy, Tho. Burton, grocer, of London & to John Swetton of Couentre was apon trist, & the relas that..Richard Joy made afterward to the seyd John Swetton was made apon trist.
- -?-(1459) Will in Som.RS 16191 : I woll and charge all thoo persones that I haue of speciall trust enfeoffid in all my said landes..that whenne God hath take me oute of this lief they suffer my said wife..to take and Receiue all the issues profittis and Revenues..of all my forsaid londes.
b
- -?-(1459) Will in Som.RS 16192 : I..pray and hertly biseche you..that ye suffer your moder and the persones that I haue put in trust to execute and performe this my last will in every Article.