Middle English Dictionary Entry
binimen v.
Entry Info
| Forms | binimen v. Forms: binimen, -numen [Gen. & Ex.], benēmen; sg. 3 binimeth, -nēmeth; impv. binim, -nēm; p. sg. binam, -nom, -nǣmde; p. pl. binēmen, -nōmen; ppl. binǒme(n, -numen, -nǒmbe. |
| Etymology | OE beniman; -nam, -nāmon; -numen; & benǣman, -nǣmde (whence the present stem benēm- in Trevisa, Pecock, etc.). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. nimen.
1.
To take away (property, a right, etc.); do away with, destroy (virtue, etc.); remove (sins, illness, etc.); ~ breth, take away (one's) breath.
Associated quotations
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)68.4/5 : Heo sor benimð þare miltan.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)121 : He þrowede for us and binom ure sunnan.
- ?c1250 PMor.(Eg 613(1))261 : Þe wrecchen bi-nemen [vr. binomen] hure ehte and leiden huere on horde.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)62 : Þat oure Louerd wole habben ido mai no man binime.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1271 : To bi-nime þe kynge is fraunchise and is riʒtes also.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)848 : Ich wene, er we hom come, Clarel ous worþ bynome.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)79 : Guod..þet þieues ne moʒe stele ne robbere benime.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.73 : Ʒif Paradys were so hiʒe, somtyme it schulde byneme [vr. bynyme] þe liʒt and make þe clips of þe mone.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.461 : Ofte tyme the gentrie of the body bynymeth the gentrie of the soule.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)157b/a : By his bittrenesse and saltenesse he..bynemeþ fresshenes of welles.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)238b/a : The malice þerof is bynome, if it beþ y soden.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)54/6 : Also schamfastnesse is bynome, þat is þe grettest partye of penaunce.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1509 : This Narcisus..was..in gret distresse..of his werynesse, That hadde his breth almost bynomen.
- ?a1425(1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)45a : Þe juis..be-nymeth the akynge fro the tonge.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.59 : Þat ne may no man werne ne by-neme by no maner of fraunchise.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)489 : Trouble, whiche wole soone be aboute to bi neme a mannys seid pure entent.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)38 : Allas, oure reule halteth, hit is benome.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)99/1,4 : For to binimyn awey his thrist, Take þe rote of loueache..and þat schall be-nemyn þe þi thryst.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)110b : Þow..woldes take awey and bynymmest vs alle þat beoþe in our boundes.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1279 : Yee lovith hir so much, she hath be-nome yeur witt.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.88.59b : Þei..binimen þe lif of þe sowle bi dedli synne.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)783 : Owte of hys syghte hyt ys be-nome.
- a1525 Conq.Irel.(Dub 592)146/7 : Pryuyleges..he bename al clene.
2.
To deprive or despoil (sb.); ~ at live, put to death; -- with gen. of the thing or from phrase.
Associated quotations
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1104 : He wið þone cyng geworhte, for hwan hine se cyng ealles be næmde.
- a1126 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1125 : Se king Henri..be bead þet man scolde beniman ealle þa minitere..heora liman.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8799 : Þat he me nolde vt driuen, bi-nimen me æt þan liue.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)32/524 : Þe carest agein þi pinunge; þraen bineomeð [vr. binimeð] þe nahtes slepes.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)39 : Þise greate prela[te]s þet benimeþ and robbeþ hire onderlinges.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)368 : Alle þese may benym þy souerayne from many nyghtis restis.
3a.
To take (sth.) away (from sb.); ruin (one's reputation); do away (one's guilt); ~ heved, behead; ~ hond, cut off (someone's) hand; ~ speche, take away the ability to speak; etc.; -- (a) with personal obj.; (b) with prep. phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- a1126 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1125 : Ða nam man an & an, & benam ælc ðone riht hand.
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Þe eorl heold Lincol agænes þe king & benam him al þæt he ahte to hauen.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7299 : Hemm alle beþ o Domess daʒʒ Binumenn muþ & spæche.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)44 : Þer ne þerf he him binimen þe laðe ne þe loue.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26108 : Ga aneouste Beduer and hefd him binim her.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26112 : Beduer ancouste com & his hafued him binom.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)35 : God..binom him þese mihtes alle.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)15/8 : Ðe mann ðe is aʒeanes ðe kinge and wile his curune him benemen.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)83/18 : Ðine hali gast, ðe ðu me hafst iʒiuen..ne benem ðu me næure.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)39/406-7 : Forte bidde..þet godd bineome [vr. binime] ham þe wil.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)4b : Hwi me schal ihu crist luuien & hwet binimeð us his luue [L eius dilectionem impedit].
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Mdst A.13)472 : Elde cummeþ to tune..& binimeþ him is mihte.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)52/26 : Wreððe..bireaueð & binimeð mon his rihte wit.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1226 : His strncþe [vr. strengþe] is him wel neh binume.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)26192 : Þe Romanisse men his lond hadde bi-nome him.
- ?c1335 Þe king of heuen (Hrl 913)122 : God him hauiþ benome Heuen blisse.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8363 : An vewe wiþ sunne of lecherie Mowe binime grace of god to al an compaynie.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)237 : His fredom was binomen him.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)111 : He binam hire here maidenhod.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)143 : God him heþ zuo his oʒene gost y-reaueð and be-nome.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5773 : He nel by-nyme hym lond ne fee.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.311 : He myʒte byneme [vr. bynyme] hym riʒt nouʒt.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.143 : Demostenes bynam þe þat þou nere nat first pledere, and þou hast bynome hym þat he is nouʒt pledere allone.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.335 : Baptesme..bynymeth vs the culpe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1.566 : To bynyme hym his good name.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.36 : Him is benome The pouer bothe of hond and fot.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)1755 : With a long knyf, In þe sooles of his feet þey benam his lyf.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)247/23 : His siʒt was binome him þre ʒeer.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)9.254 : The lord..By-nom hym al þat he hadde.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)44/23 : Alle freres þat bynymeþ parische chirches þe teþinge..beþ acursed.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)56/10-11 : Freres byname hym his sone.
- (1414) RParl.4.60a : Which fredam the forseide Priour and Chanons..wolden byneme us now of newe.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.4.156 : Fortune may nat bynymen it the.
- ?a1430 ?Hoccl.Poems PS Compl.Virg.(Hnt HM 111)189 : The beautee Of my name this day bynome is me.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)46.254 : Sone there discendid On that his syhte benam hym Anon, and Ek his power.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)5136 : Mete and drynk js benomen me.
- c1450 In a noon (Lamb 853)34 : Þis word made me to studie sore And binam me al my list.
- c1450 7 Sages(1) (Arun 140)39 : Ʒe haue bynome my sone his spech.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)98/31 : Ʒif it hym to drynke; and it schall benemyn hym spekynge in hys slepe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2073 : To be-nym a man his good þurh some maner gile.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)2091 : His hede he had him benome, Had not grete socour to him the rather come.
- a1525 Conq.Irel.(Dub 592)100/9 : Thay..oft byname holy chyrch her ryghtes.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.560 : It bynymeth from man his wit.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.3.65 : Moneye ne hath nat in his owene kynde that it ne mai ben bynomen of hem that han it.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.3.28 : Foreyn schrewednesse ne bynymeth nat fro the corages of goode folk hir propre honour.
- c1485 Assump.Virg.(1) (Hrl 2382)273 : When y am benome fro the.
3b.
Of parts of the body or sensation: ben binome(n, be deprived of movement or sensation; paralyzed, numbed; fallen binome(n, become paralyzed or numb.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)259/118 : He was onneþe a-liue..Mid chele and mid oþur wo is limes him weren bi-nome.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)65b/a : Þe fleische feliþ noþing, as it fareþ in lymes þat ben bynome wiþ þe palsye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)99b/b : In legge & in oþir vttir parties felinge is somdele bynome.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Leg.Suppl.Hrl.(Hrl 4196)34/502 : Þe berers semid nerehand bynomen: In-to þe kirk þai might noght wyn.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)102/7 : So þis Matidiana handis fell benombe for sorow of hur husband.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)102/18 : Hur handis was benombe & scho mott not welde þaim.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)180/564 : A man that is benomyn on his legges or on his arms or in any oþer place of hyme.
4.
(a) To take (sth. to a place, or from sth.); (b) to take hold of, seize (sth., sb.); (c) ~ wreche, to take revenge; ~ with noi, beset by trouble; ~ with wordes, persuade, win over.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)27 : Þenne cumeð drihtenes engel and binimeð þa halinesse mid him toward heouene riche.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)205b/b : Þis stoon is bynome and y take fro gryphes.
b
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)13/13 : Unþolemodnesse..benemð ðe manne..ðat he ne mai wealden him seluen.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)376 : Strif..sal ben bi-twen neddre and wimman; And get sal wimman ouercumen, His heued under fote bi-numen.
- a1425(c1300) Assump.Virg.(1) (Add 10036)271 : Kepe my bodi þat I [the Virgin] ne be binomen, When þe fellon Iewes comen.
c
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1578 : Grot sal bi-cumen, And wreche of iacob sal binumen.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14712 : Wit wordes suilk war þai binomin [Trin-C: nomen], wit scil..ouercummin.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1279 : Þai þat with noy er now bynom sall win to welth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1031 : Hyr hend, hyr armes war all benomen.
Note: New spelling
Note: Sense 3b.--per SMK
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)488-9 : Ase þe sonne bi-nimez þe liʒt of Candle a-boute Midday, Also it bi-nam þe sonne hure leom him þouʒte, ase he þare i-saiʒ.
Note: binimen is used here in a somewhat different sense than those given in the MED, binimen v.; it seems closest to 1.--per MP
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Newly suggested ETYM: [OE beniman, bi-, beneoman (p. sg. -nam, -nom; pl. -nāmon, -nōman; ppl. -numen) & benæman, -næmde.]
Note: Omit rest of existing ETYM. ME benēm- could be from -neoman.