Middle English Dictionary Entry
thirsten v.
Entry Info
Forms | thirsten v. Also thirste, thurst(e, thorsten, therste, fursten & thrist(e(n, thristhen, thrust(e(n, throust, threste, triste; sg.3 thirsteth, etc. & (?error) þorstetht, (error) þrefe; p. thirsted(e, etc. & trustede, durstede, (N) threisted & (early) þirste. |
Etymology | OE þyrstan |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. forthirst ppl.
1.
(a) To suffer from thirst; also fig. and in fig. contexts; ~ after (of, to), thirst for (sth.); ppl. thirstinge, thirsty; also, parched [quot. a1382, last]; also, as noun: a thirsting person [quot. a1382 Is.29.8]; parched ground [quot. a1382 Is.44.3]; (b) impers. him (hire, me, etc.) thirsteth, he (she) thirsts, I thirst, etc.; also in fig. contexts; (c) to be thirsty for (sth.);—used fig. [sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2.(b) and vice versa]; ~ rein (water); ~ blod, desire (someone's) death; also, long for Christ's blood as present in the Eucharist [quot. c1450].
Associated quotations
a
- a1300 Loue is a selkud (Dc 139)3 : Loue is a selkud wodenesse Þat þe idel mon ledeth by wildernesse, Þat þurstes of wilfulscipe and drinket sorwenesse.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)106.5 : Hungerand & þrestand, her soule faileden in hem.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.17.3 : Þe puple þann þristide þare for mischef of water.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.4.19 : Ȝif to me..alitul of water, for y þerste moche.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.25.25 : Cold water to þe þristynge [vr. threstende] soule & a good messager fro a fer lond.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.29.8 : As sweueneþ þe þristinge [L sitiens] & drinkiþ, & after þat he were waken weri ȝit he þristiþ..so shal ben þe multitude..þat foȝten aȝen..sion.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.44.3 : I shal heelden out..watris vp on þe þristende [L sitientem] & flowingis vp on þe drie.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.53.2 : Þe arm of þe lorde, to whom is it shewid? & it shal steȝen vp as a quyc hegge befor hym, & as a roote fro þe þristinge [L sitienti] erþe.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)38/1 : Þei schulen no more hungre, neiþir þirste, neiþir sunne schal falle on hem, neiþir ony heete.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)76/11 : He þurstede for druȝþe and seide to his Fadur: 'Forȝef hem her trespas; þei neteþ what þei don.'
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.406 : If no love is, O God, what fele I so? And if love is, what thing and which is he?..For ay thurst I, the more that ich it drynke.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Job 5.5 : Thei that thirsten schulen drynke hise richessis.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)152a/a : Þe pacient þat is bitin..ȝiskeþ and þresteþ and haþ grete dryenesse in his mouþe.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)7/2 : Whoso þirsteþ, come to me & drinke.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)363/25 : I hungride & ȝe ȝauen me no mete; I þrustide & ȝe ȝauen me no drinke.
- c1429 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)4695 : After saying 'I thrist,' thay profred the mirred wyne.
- a1450(a1400) SLeg.Corp.Chr.(Bod 779)118 : Þe Jewis þer-two dronke water..but hem gan þer-after þurste.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)206 : Summe..men..han hungrid..forto have hadde the copie and the contynuel uce of tho bokis to hem, as moche as ever thei hungriden and thirstiden aftir mete and drinke.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)29/9 : That is, my soule þrustith to oure lord wich is þat quykke gracious welle þat refresshith euery mornyng soule.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)128a : To Thryste: Sitire, resitire.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)83/3046 : Þe sonne of god was made man..he hungred, he thrusted.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1336 : Syr Lybeauus durstede [Lamb: thrested] sore And seyde, 'Maugys, þyn ore! To drynke lette me go.'
- a1500(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Stw 952(1))16587 : They that..drynken off my bountevous goodnesse shall effte ayeyn sore thruste ther-affter.
- a1500(1471) *Ripley CAlch.(Ashm 1486)1511 : When ye lyon dothe threste, gyve hym drynke vntyll he breste.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)47/26 : He underfeng þære wifmanna þenunge, for þan þe he hæfde soðne lichame, þurh þone þe him hingrode & þyrste.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)35/4 : He hine forhabban wyð feala cunna metas..and drince leoht wyn, þæt hym ne þyrste.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)43/25 : He byþ on ælce lime ȝwerȝi, and sinȝanlice hym þurst.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14485 : Iff þu drunnke waterrdrinnch..Þatt maȝȝ þe slekkenn wel þin þirrst Ȝiff þatt iss þatt te þirrsteþþ.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)122/21 : Heo is þe swa deð wið godd on his rode, þah hire þurste i þe lust & te deouel beot hire his healewi to drinken.
- a1300 Þo ihu crist (Jes-O 29)24 : Þe þat ene drynkeþ þer-of ne schal him þurste neuere.
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1614 : Me þorstetht [NHom.(3) Pass.: threstes; vr. thristes] sore.
- 1372 In place (Adv 18.7.21)104 : Long loue God hadde in herte To sauen soules; He seyde him þreste Ner wan þe gost sulde go.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3229 : Whan they were slayn so thursted [vrr. þersted, trustede] hym that he Was wel ny lorn for which he gan to preye That god wolde..sende hym drynke or elles moste he deye.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23085 : I was hungre, yee gaf me fode; Me thristed [Göt: threisted; Phys-E: þirsted] sare, drinc yee me broght.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.365 : Loue is my drynke..I fauȝte so, me þrestes [vrr. þursteþ, thurstes; C: fursteþ; vrr. þresteþ, þorstiþ] ȝet for mannes soule sake.
- a1425 NPass.(Cmb Gg.5.31)201/1720 : Ihesu..sayd þat hym thristid sare.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)2805 : Me þirstes now.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)339 : I shall say riȝt þat i thynke: Me thirstis swythe sore.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Joel 1.20 : Beestis of the feeld, as a feeld thristynge rayn, byhelden vp to thee.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2222 : I thurst her blood more þan other mede.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)128/8 : Aftir þis..he þirstide anoon þe watir of liifly grace.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.2490 : The eende..Of fals supplantours, contrarie to all good, And of conspireres & them that thriste blood—Alle thes muste han bi Goddis purueyaunce Heer short liff or sodenli vengaunce.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)175/28 : Whan she, thristynge þe blissed blode, myghte no more do, vmwhile after þe masse she asked þat she myghte atte lest byholde longe þe bare chalys on the auter.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)p.506 : The pryncis of edom ere erthly kyngis that threstis mannys blode.
2.
(a) To desire; also, with inf.: desire (to do sth., etc.); ~ after (for, in, to, unto, with), long for (sb. or sth.);—also impers. [quot. c1440]; ppl. thirstinge as adj.: ardent; ben thirstinge to kinges to speken fre, be desirous for kings to speak freely; (b) to desire (sth., the Trinity), long for.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)99/31 : Minre sawle þyrste [L Sitivit] to þan lyfigende Gode, hwænne ic cume & me æteowige beforen Godes ansene.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)41.2 : My soule þrefe [read: þreste; L Sitivit]..vnto God.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.62.2 : My soule þristide in þee; how many-fold to þee my flesh.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.51.32 : What ȝit ȝee tarien? & what seyn ȝee in þese thingis? ȝoure soulis þristen hugeli.
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)90/7 : Þei schul be mad..brennynde in loue so fulliche þat þei schal þrusten [vr. throust] for-to dyen.
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)45/9 : He is glad for to take hit and he þristheþ [vr. desireth] for to doon hit.
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)104/1 : He þat gederith all þynges in-to oon..& only biholdeth in hem god þe maker of alle ay þristande [vr. desiryng] to se him..he were contemplatife.
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)173/14 : Nouȝe sheo [soul] hungreþ wiþ hym [Christ] and nouȝe sheo þristeþ wiþ hym.
- (1419) Let.War France in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)79/12 : Moor confortable tithinges might neuer haue come..for to satisfie..þe feruent desir of your poure lieges, þat haue loong thrusted aftur knowlech of your prosperite.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1406 : Iwys, myn hertes day, my lady free, So thursteth ay myn herte to byholde Youre beute, that my lif unnethe I holde.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.8 : Mi soule þirstide to þee; my flesch þirstide to þee ful many fold.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)207 : Him thrystede for þe hele of manes soule.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)237 : Þou..thristist sore a ryche man to be.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)901 : Thow wolt ful sore triste [vr. thurst] after releef.
- c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)176/18 : Kesse also þe wounde of his ryght foote ande thanke hym for his feruente desyre wharewith alle þe dayes of his lyffe he thrystede ande ranne after the.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)45/1625 : Cryst..bade us..to be meeke, & hungre & thrust after ryȝtfulnes.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)37/10 : It is trewe that the eeres of men ben all-wey thristyng to hir kynges to speke fre [Abbrev.Trip.: feruently desiringe to heere the woord of the kynge].
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)13/153 : Lyke as al waters by kynde drawen to the see, so al kyndely thinges thresten..to drawe after thy steppes, and to thy presence aproche.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)114/126 : This..Margarite-perle, After whom ever, in my herte, with thursting desyre wete, I do brenne.
b
- 1372 Blissed ben men (Adv 18.7.21)p.8 : Blissed ben þat hungren and þristen sothnesse: For þei solen ben filled with al goodnesse.
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)46/10 : Hungringe alle maner riȝtwysnesse, þrusting [vr. þrostynge] onliche þe presence of me be þe grace of loue..he crieþ to me with a wonder heiȝ vois.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Mat.5.6 : Blessyd be þei þat hungren & þrusten ryȝtwysnes.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)419/5 : A soule..alwey euere it hungriþ in þe; It þristeþ þe, eendelees trinite, desiringe wiþ liȝt to se þe in þin eendelees liȝt.
- ?c1425(c1412) Hoccl.RP (Roy 17.D.6)p.73 : I may to you declare..Myne inwarde wille that thurstethe the welefare Of your persone.
- c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)356/16 : He threstede mannes he[l]th ande saluacioun in the crosse.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)3.471 : Ye thruste golde..and couette honoure.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)159/37 : I-blyssyd be thay that hungeryth and thurstyth ryght.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)4577 : Thankyd be evyr thi blyssyd grace; That I have tirstyd is now holdyn of me.
Note: New spelling: (past participle error) tirstyd.
Note: Belongs to sense 2.(a).--per MLL