Middle English Dictionary Entry

sterne n.(1)
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. sterre n.
1.
(a) An apparently luminous celestial body; a star, planet, comet; also fig.; also, a star or planet as used in divination or prophecy; (b) the star of Bethlehem heralding the birth of Jesus; (c) in similes and stock comparisons; also, in epithets for the Virgin Mary: ~ of the se, ~ of sternes; (d) a star-shaped ornament or piece of jewelry; also, a star-shaped idol representing the Assyrian star god [1st quot.]; (e) a patch of white hair on the forehead of an animal; (f) in cpds. & combs.: ~ chaumbre, = sterre chaumbre, s.v. sterre n. 2.(e); ~ leme, a ray of starlight; also, fig. Christ; ~ slime, a nostoc believed to have been produced by meteorites; blasinge ~, a comet; dai ~, the morning star; also, the time at which the morning star becomes visible, dawn; also, fig. one who arouses hope or joy; -- used as an epithet for the Christ child; even ~, Venus; lode ~, a guiding star, esp. Polaris; also fig.; se ~, a lodestar; also fig.; seven sternes, the seven solar bodies recognized as planets in Ptolemaic astronomy: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, the sun, and the moon.
2.
Anat. ~ of the eie, eie ~, the cornea; sternes of the eie, the pupils of the eyes.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

Note: Med., etc. (sense 2.), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.vv. eye stern and stern of the eye. See also his article "'Star of the Eye' in English Historical Dictionaries," Notes and Queries (June 2019), 222-224 [advance copy received from J. Norri], on the basis of which, sense 2. has been moved from sterne n.(1) to sterne n.(2). Cp. the similar use of sterre n.: "In lyke wyse a chylde of .viii. yeres of age was hurte with a shafte in ye sterre of his eye / that therin was sene a grete webbe / thrughe yt whiche stroke he was blynde" -- Hieronymus Brunschwig, The noble experyence of the vertuous handy warke of surgeri (London : Petrus Treueris, 1525; STC 13434, ESTC S119422), cap. 38 [EEBO vid 20057, image 33], which corresponds to "sterreken van zijn oge" in a Middle Dutch version (Hieronymus Braunschweig, Das Hantwerck der Cyrurgien (Utrecht, 1535), sig. H1vb. as quoted by Norri, p. 224) and to "stern des ougenn [oghen]" in German. The usage would appear to be rooted in the brightness of eye and star, and to derive from Dutch or German.