Middle English Dictionary Entry
standel n.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | standel n.(2) Also standil(e, standul, stondil, scandil, schandel, (in cpd.)stand-, (error) skandyl. |
| Etymology | ?From MLG standel (in standel-wort); ?also cp. ME stonden v. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. stondene-gousse n.
1.
In compound names of plants: ~ gousse (gourde, gras, whelke, wort), an orchid of some kind, prob. the early purple orchid Orchis mascula or the lesser butterfly orchid Platanthera bifolia.
Associated quotations
- ?a1350 MS Sln.5 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 5)230 : [Satirion]: anglice stondilgourde.
- a1400 Bod.761 Herb List (Bod 761)184 : Satirion: futerole, standelgusse.
- ?a1400 Adv.18.5.16 Gloss.(Adv 18.5.16)161 : Satirion: ballocwrt, standilegoce idem.
- c1400 MS Arun.42 in Hunt Plant Names (Arun 42)230 : [Satirion]: standelgusse, ȝekesters.
- ?c1450 MS Add.17866 in Hunt Plant Names (Add 17866)230 : [Satirion]: standilgrus.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)76b : Saturion maior: Standilgose oþer ȝekesteris oþer skandylwelkys [Hunt reads (p.230): scandilgose oþer ȝekesteris oþer skandylwekys] ys hote and drye and havith knobbis in the rotis lyke ballok stonys.
- a1500 MS Sln.964 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 964)230 : [Satirion]: anglice standelwort.
- a1500 MS Sln.347 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 347)230 : [Satirion]: anglice standworth.
- a1500 MS Hrl.3388 in Hunt Plant Names (Hrl 3388)230 : [Satirion]: standulgrasse.
- a1500 Agnus Castus (LdMisc 553)202/7 : Saturion maior is an herbe þat me clepuþ ȝekes or standelwelkes..and þer buþ twey spices of hure; þat on hath a red flour, þat oþer haþ a whit flour.
- a1500 MS Sln.405 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 405)230 : [Satirion]: s[t]andegourde.
- a1500 MS Trin-C R.14.32 in Hunt Plant Names (Trin-C R.14.32)230 : [Satirion]: anglice ȝeke[st]ers, [s]chandel-welk.
- ?a1500 MS Add.18752 in Hunt Plant Names (Add 18752)230 : [Satirion]: standelgres.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: The cluster of plant names touched on here (reflected e.g. in the OED entries standelwelks, standelwort, standenguss, and standergrass, all apparently synonymous) has defied satisfactory explanation; nor can its component morphemes (standel-, -gousse) always be confidently identified.