barat and barate - Middle English Compendium

Middle English Dictionary Entry

barat(e n.

Forms	barat(e n. Also baret(e.
Etymology	OF barat, barate.

(a) Strife, conflict, contention; struggle, turmoil; (b) disturbing the peace, offences.

c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)42a : Hwuch baret & hu dredful lif is eauer imong þrung.
c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)46b : Halde hire ed hame..þet ha nawiht nute of þe worldes baret.
c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)112a : Marthe, Marthe..þu art muche baret [Nero: ine muche baret; Cleo: in muche baret; Luke 10.42: sollicita est et turbaris erga plurima].
c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)739 : Þe king makede him wroth i-novȝ, þat so ofte in barate was For o man þat him with-seide.
c1300 SLeg.Judas (Hrl 2277)137 : Him suede eche liþeri þewe, for he louede baret and stryf.
?c1335(a1300) Cokaygne (Hrl 913)27 : Þer nis baret noþer strif.
a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)486 : I wol breke out fram þat baret & blame my hert.
c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)290 : That mekille bale and barete tille ynglande sall brynge.
a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)294 : Þus may a traytour baret rayse.
a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)381 : Mykyll baret gan vp to sprynge.

?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5011 : He was a menslaer and a thefe..Þe erle..swore Þat for his baret and his blore he suld do on him wrake.

Trouble, care, woe; wretchedness, anguish.

a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)5517 : William..Hadde many hard happe hade..& be in gret baret & bale.
c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)p.316 : For baret schal he þole and wo Of synful Caytyfs.
a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)824 : Son quen þai had bath don þat sin Be-gan al baret [Trin-C: wo] to bigin.
a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5316 : Iacob..mani barets was wit for-driuen.
c1400(?c1280) SLeg.OTHist.(LdMisc 622)34 : Michel solas he wil þe don, ȝif þou art in baret brouȝth.
c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4167 : Þai are blyndit with baret & with bare sorow.
1451-1500 Tundale (Wagner)1701 : He se þe kyng in gret baret: In a fyre to þe navel was he sette.
a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)232 : Al men..lovid him..þat so deliuerid his fadir fro barette.

(a) Combat, fighting, battle; (b) an attack.

?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.274 : Knyghtes..þat wele couth of barete, To Dunbar þei þam drowe, þe sege þer to sette.
c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)21 : Bolde bredden þerinne, baret þat lofden.
c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5851 : He rode a-ȝeyn to that baret, And many a man to dethe he bet.
a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2922 : Hauen to aryue þey hym wyþsette, Bot þorow bataille oþer barette.

c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)1427 : Þe cristen men gan þe maystry wynn, Bot ȝitt þaire barett ne wolde not blyn, On Newe bygynnes þaire dede.
a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)2137 : Þe segez within Might noght þe barettez [Ashm: braidis] abyde of seggez enarmed.

Bargaining, argument.

c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)260/133 : But vnneþe wiþ grete barete Mihte þei leue at þe Abbot gete, Þat Maryn mihte come fro þe ȝate.
?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.99 : Whan þis barette was ent, þe bisshop tok his leue.

Deception, fraud; also, a deceit.

(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)39 : Þe uerþe boȝ of auarice is acsynge..to þise zenne belongeþ al þet barat, alle ualshedes, and alle gyles þet comeþ ine plait.
(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)75 : Þer ne is non ypocrisye ne barat ne blondinge ne discord.
?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)181/14 : Þei ben..& right trewe on to a nother, And þei sette not be no barettes ne by cawteles ne of no disceytes.
c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)65 : This swerd justice..maketh the herte conuerte from fraude and forsake baret [F barat].
(a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)37/5 : The lyf of frendeship is to leue withoute fraude or baret.
(a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)253/27 : The sweete wordes that bene medled with barate and flaterye.

a1450 Lordyngis leue (Bod 48)107/600 : Such baret-breweres, ybrent be here bones!

Note: Add to sense 1.(a) new phrase ~ breuere, 'a fomenter of strife, trouble-maker [cp. breuen v., sense 2.(b)]'