Middle English Dictionary Entry
hā̆sten v.
Entry Info
Forms | hā̆sten v. Also hast(e, hasti(en. Forms: p. hā̆stede, ā̆stede, hā̆st; sg. 2 hā̆stedest, hā̆stest, hā̆st. |
Etymology | OF haster |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To hurry, hasten; act, work, fight, etc., rapidly; hasten (to do sth.); do (sth.) hastily; -- also in prov.; (b) refl. to bestir oneself, work quickly; (c) to go or come quickly; hurry (to a place); travel with speed; fig. hurry (to death); (d) refl. to go or come speedily.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)332 : And euere ȝwane he Masse song..he hastede euere þare-with faste.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2757 : Þai hasted þan als þai war wode, Þat he war hanged on þe rode.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.34.8 : Moises, hastyng [vr. hastynge; L Festinus], is bowid redy into þe erþ.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mic.4.2 : Many folkis shuln hasten [L properabunt], and shuln saye, [etc.].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2244 : The prouerbe seith, 'He hasteth wel that wysly kan abide'.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1652 : For this thei tellen that ben wise; Wicke is to stryve and have the werse; To hasten is noght worth a kerse.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1777 : Abyd, and haste noght to faste.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)101b/b : Hit nediþ to hym to haste wiþ medicines.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3599 : But o Medea! þou hastest al to faste; þou wer to slowe wysly for to caste.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1247 : Bot hastes fast, al þat ȝe may, Þat ȝe war wedded þis ilk day.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.956 : He hasteth wel that wisely kan abyde.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.9.9 : Teche thou a iust man, and he schal haste to take.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3751 : The lasse to helpe hym that ye haste, The more tyme shul ye waste.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)56b/a : In þo men forsoþ þat beth sike, we hasty not forto eke or augmente vertue.
- c1425 Glo.Chron.A (Hrl 201)p.305 : Aboute Gloucestrye þe eyȝteþe batayle Up Seuerne hii smyte, & astede & so vaste me slou..þat yt was deol ynou.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)229 : Hastyn, or hyyn: Festino, accelero.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.823 : And ther is cold, thyn heruest seed bytyme Is best to haste.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2283 : A Priores hertly sal hast Al vice & syns away to waist.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)52/17 : He hasted more and more..and smote hym with alle his myght.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)3 : Nor no man hast to be seen more þan oþer.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)2367 : Than hasted they of the hoost echoon; Vpon Segwyn they smyte anoon.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)174/6,9 : Mochel ssolde he by fol bote yef he him hastede te habbe hit ayen..ha ssel him hasti to ssriue.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2052 : As shortly as I kan I wol me haste To telle yow al the descripcioun.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2768 : Therfore seith Salomon, 'He that hasteth hym to bisily to wexe riche shal be noon innocent.'
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.72 : Telleth..youre meditacioun But hasteth yow; the sonne wole adoun.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2302 : And he with spore in horse side Him hasteth faste forto ride.
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Mel.(Lnsd 851)B.2244 : The prouerbe seiþe þat he hasteþe him wele þatte wele can abide.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)12/60 : He hasted him to fle.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1244 : But hasteth yow to doon hym joye have.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)72b/a : If þer come aposteme þat as ofte comeþ..þan hastie þe [L festina] to raiseng & seperacioun of causez.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2456 : And ek to haste me in my legende..Therfore I passe shortly.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1029 : Vnto þe sege he hym hastede.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3014 : Ser Dary was diȝt..& hast [Dub: hastyd] him to ryde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1081/20 : I woll hast me to syke hym and fynde hym.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.85.58b : Ren quikli aboute vnto goode werkes and haste þe swyþe.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)469 : Þey shulden haue sorowe of þis synne and haaste hem to make aseeþ.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)49/16 : Y haue besyed me & hastyd me for þat cause to make a wrytynge to ȝowre heighnes.
c
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1084 : My soule is.. in anguisse, to þe deþe hastyng anon.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.187 : Þou..hastedest [B: hiedest] hamward.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1541 : This Emperour thoghte al to late Til that Pope were come, And of the lordes sende some To preie him that he wolde haste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.290 : I haste, and evere I am behinde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1424 : Þe howndez þat hit herde hastid þider swyþe.
- c1400 In a Pistel (Sim)31 : Þis worldes goode a way wol hast.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)1464 : He cleped þo Velosian And bad him hast for þat woman.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5009 : Youthe..sodeynly awey is hasted.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)93a/b : And with þat, þai [vlcerez of þe hanchez] ar calidus & humidus, coeuered or defended fro þe aier, to which hieþ or hastieþ [L festinat] putrifaccioun.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)229 : Hastyn, or hyyn yn goynge: Propero.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2478 : Vnto the heghtest hyll hasted þei.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)104/2 : Thus þei hast to-ward þe brynk of þe watyr, and þe tempest be-gan sumwhat to cese.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)28/182 : Lord, homward will I hast.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1746 : Go þov a non and haste þe, And do bringuen..þe stenene.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)34/9 : He ualþ in-to zorȝe and into tyene to libbe, zuo þet him-zelf him hasteþ and wylneþ his dyaþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1831 : Paulus..hasteth him al that he may, So that upon that other day He cam wher he this host beheld.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4488 : Hast we vs wyþ hym to helle.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)2837 : Haste þe fast..for I do noȝt or þou come þare.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.181 : Þou..hastide [vrr. hastedest, hastest, hast] þe homward.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.303 : Hungir hiderward hastiþ [vrr. hastyt, hyeth] hym faste.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2411 : We gan hast vs to þe wodis grene.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)15/22 : He hasted him to þe Swin.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)65/175 : Þeder he hasted him in hy.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)56 : And he preiede her to haste her for his sake.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/18 : To myn heyȝ hallys I haste me in my way.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)808 : The kynge than hastis hym..And home þan come that ylke day.
2.
(a) To drive (sb.), push, hasten; hurry (sb. to or from a place); fig. hurry (sb. to confusion, death); ben hasted, be hurried; die quickly or suddenly; ?also, be attacked; (b) to urge (sb.), incite; (c) to bring (sth.) about speedily; hasten (an action, an event, a condition, etc.); speed (a message); ~ cours, speed in (one's) course; ~ time, speed an occasion; ~ wei, hasten (one's) way, hurry; ~ werk, do (one's) work rapidly; (d) to get (sth.) quickly; (e) to call for speedy action, be urgent; (f) to come to pass speedily.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1847 : Princes, doukes, erl & kniȝt Priked her stedes ariȝt; It was no nede hem to hast, Ac so quarel of alblast Þai flowen þider.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1767 : He dooth al his labour..To haste hem fro the mete in subtil wise.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.42 : Eft þei gan aryue..þorgh fals Edrike, þat þam þider hasted.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)937 : Þe aungelez hasted þise oþer and aȝly hem þratten, And enforsed alle fawr forth at þe ȝatez.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)134/32 : Þanne schal þei see helle open bineþ hem, and aungelis on her riȝt siȝde hasting hem to helle.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3289 : Sche þat is envious and mutable, To haste Troyans to her confusioun..Ageyns Grekis a quarel for to make.
- (?c1422) Hoccl.ASM (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)391 : My torment and my wo me haaste and hye, Hens for to twynne as blyue shal y dye.
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)1110 : Alisaundre nom Clorpatras, And out hire hasted aswiþe pas, And set hire vpon a mule.
- (?c1425) Hoccl.Jonathas (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)21 : Swich chaffare often sythe..yonge folke encombrith..haastynge hem to hir confusioun.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)204 : Þey scorned hym & hastede hym to his dede.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)53/5 : Þe venom sall passe to þe hert..& so haste a man to his endynge.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)9923 : Ȝoure meyne moste hasted be Hedyr Betymes to comen.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2782 : This Reume in Thoccian..in viage it may both hast & tary.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)105/30 : He peyned him to hasty þe Mule.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)267 : The knyght..hasted sore Gawein and alle the tother for to go faste..but er thei com to the town of Camelot, thei were sore hasted.
- a1500 Craft Dying (Rwl C.894)407 : A ryȝtfull man, þouȝe he be hasted or hastyly or sodenly dede, he schalbe had to a place of refresshynge.
b
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)orig.draft 403 : Ne haste noȝt me myche in þis cas -- to fiȝte þou myȝt wel come.
- c1450(?a1449) ?Lydg.Marriage (Dgb 181)15 : They lay vpon me and hastid me full sore, Gave me councell with hem to be bounde.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Ph.(Manly-Rickert)C.159 : This false iuge gooth now faste aboute To hasten his delit al that he may.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1656 : Ne haste noght thin oghne sorwe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1723 : To hasten love is thing in vein.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3342 : And Jason tolde him tho tidinges, Why he was come, and faire him preide To haste his time.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)31a/b : Also drynes hastiþ elde and makeþ þe body euel I-hewed.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)272b/b : After þat þe ȝonge been bygynneþ to flen..þanne þay hasteþ here werk and helpeþ þe olde to worche.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.47 : To London, vnto Eilred, hasted þei þer weie.
- (1419) Let.War France in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)83/18 : The which, when þey here of þarme..yn help of vs, shal yeue hem gret corage to hast þair comyng vnto vs.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.137 : And Esperus gan to wester dovn To haste hir cours ageyn þe morwe graye.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.1.15 : Eelde is comyn unwarly uppon me, hasted by the harmes that y have.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.4.2 : What deliteth yow..to hasten and bysien the fatal disposicioun of your deth.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)64a/a : Be not hastied forsoþ þe falling of þe escare.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)138b/a : Customable bisynez of spekyng & frotyng of þe tonge with sale gemma hastieþ [L festinat] speche of childre.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)43a/b : Oyle of þe ȝolkes of eyren..hasteþ þe goynge oute of þe quyttre.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)9919 : This message, hastyd most hyt be.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)16/17 : Than sent sche praieres on-to heuene..þat our Lord schuld hast þis mater.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)888/4 : 'Go ye now,' seyde sir Galahad, 'and hast my nedys.'
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.13.11 : Substaunce hastid [WB(2) gloss.: catel hastid, that is, getun hastly, as bi raueyn ether bi vsure] shal be lassid.
e
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)1b/a : Where a grete perile is niȝ at hand of any of þe disposicions, þe intencioun is to þat þat more hastieþ [L magis properat]..Som tyme forsoþ it is suych þing þat hastieþ þat yt compelleþ [L properat ut cogat] for to leue þe particule vncured.
f
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4835 : What harmys & vnhap has hastid þurghe pride.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10553 : At newework he deide…He was ihasted þat vnneþe þre dawes sik he lay.
Note: New spelling
Note: p.ppl.