Middle English Dictionary Entry
forbẹ̄den v.
Entry Info
Forms | forbẹ̄den v. Also forbeoden, -boden, -buden, -bid(d)en. Forms: sg. 3 forbẹ̄deth, -beodeþ, -bẹ̄̆t, -beot, -biet & forbides, -bit; p. forbēd, -bead, -beod, -bod & forbad, -bād(en; ppl. forbōde(n & forbēde(n, -bid(en. |
Etymology | OE forbēodan; sg. 3 forbēodeþ, -bēot, -bīot, -bīet, -bȳt; p. forbēad, -budon; ppl. forboden. Since in ME bẹ̄den & bidden are merged to a large extent, forbidden, -bā̆d, -bid(den appear beside the forms inherited from OE. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. beden & bidden.
1a.
To prohibit (an action, a practice, a sin), to forbid (someone to do something);--usually with personal indirect object: (a) with that clause, usually neg. & subjunctive, as direct object; (b) with infin. as direct object; (c) with noun, pron., or ger. as direct object.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.675 : Swa ic forbeode þe & ealle þe biscopas..þet ge nan onsting ne hauen of þet mynstre, buton swa micel swa þone abbot wile.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)122/2 : For hwon forbeat Crist his þeiȝnum þat heo ne sceolden cuþæn..þat brihtlice sihðe.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)8/12 : He me swiðlice forbead þet ic ðe sceawian ne sceolde.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9833 : Forþi forrbæd Johan, Þatt teȝȝ ne sholldenn ȝellpenn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13180 : Vortiger..forbad [Otho: forbead] his hiredmonnen þet heo nane manne ne tælden.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)606 : Seint Brendan hem forbed..Þat heo ne scholden for þat nyȝt don him þe more schame.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)581 : Ihesuc..hire þo forbed Þat heo attryne ne scolde his honde ne his fet.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10368 : Ich uorbede vpe mansinge, Þat no man ne touchi þulke clerc.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5563 : Oþer þat eny of is as in purchas nome, He vorbed [vr. verbed] þat neuere more among is spence ne come.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)10 : Ine þise heste ous ys uorbode þet we ne lyeȝe ne ous uorzuerie.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1230 : Þy fader me forbed..þat to no man ne schold y þe dore undo.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.287 : He made a synod and forbeed [vr. vorbud] clerkes..þat þei schulde have no wifes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2774 : Nature defendeth and forbedeth by right that no man make hym self riche vn to the harm of another persone.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1636 : This Patriarch..Forbad that thei to non ymage Encline scholde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.652 : He comandeth and forbedeth faste, Man shal not suffre his wyf go roule aboute.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9065 : Y ȝow forbede Þat ȝe no lenger do swych dede.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)15/9 : Ich saye [p]laynlich to ȝou alle clerkes, forbedying ȝou þat ȝe entremete ȝou nouȝt of doome & knowleche of dower.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.717 : He naught forbet that every creature Be drynkeles for alwey.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)126/6 : God almythy forbedith not, ser, þat we xal speke of hym.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)175/109 : I forbede Þat itt soo be.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)4 : It was forbodyn in her sacraries yat no man schul name þis woman.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)659/13 : He forbede that no man shold distrouble them.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12022 : All mannkinn forrbodenn iss To fandenn Godess mahhte.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)17b : Seint Pawel forbeot [Nero: uorbead] wummen to preachin.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1293 : He fforbed to ȝiue Cesar..eny truage.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3647 : It was forboden anon Ich man, bi way for to gon Noiþer mile tene no fiue.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)585 : Þe to loue no miȝtow me forbede.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)9 : Þis heste ous uorbyet to nimene and ofhyealde oþre manne þing.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 16.6 : Thei..weren forbodyn [WB(2): forbedun] of the Hooly Gost for to speke the word of God in Asya.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17502 : Wit godds lai þai þam forbedd [Trin-C: forbedde]..Þis words neuer mar to scau.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3185 : Our lauerd forbedes [Göt: forbedis; Trin-C: forbedeþ] þe to sla þi dere sun.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1147 : To defowle hit..fast he forbedes.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Num.22.13 : For God forbeed [vr. hath forbode; WB(1): hath defended] me to come with ȝou.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)36/19 : Þaire buke of lawe..forbides þam to drink wyne.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)57 : Prelatis letten & forbeden prestis to preche þe gospel..but ȝif þei han leue & letteris of hem.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.4493 : Bochas forbit husbondis..nat leeue to soone her wyues.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)179/22 : It wolde folewe þat god forbade not..a man to disworschipe his fadir and modir.
- 1448 Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58)484 : Baldewyne..was forbede by the Popes lettres to cesse of the buldyng of a newe chaunterye.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)211 : That it is forbodun to us forto vse the othere writingis.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)845 : It is forbed..Any to folow þer fleschly will.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)36/9 : I sall forbid hym to entyr into þis holie place.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.277 : ȝit forbede I no burne to be blithe sum while.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)17 : Þe kirk mai not..forbid him ne to do ani þing.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5489 : Thay sayden that he forbede ȝelde tribute to the emperour.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)207/114 : He..forbedys far and nere to wyrk at oure bydyng.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16607 : Þatt Crist ne finde nohht inn uss Off all þatt he forrbedeþþ.
- a1200(?c1175) PMor.(Trin-C B.14.52)307 : Late we þat god forbet [Eg(2): forbut; Dgb: vorbiet] alle mankenne.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)59 : He forlet þat god him het don and dide þat god him forbet.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)39/3 : Allðat ðu wast ðat godd forbett, forbuh hit to donne.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)50a : He forbeot [Nero: uorbeot] hit & seið.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)648 : Þarto hi god [Jes-O: goþ] to hore node [Jes-O: neode], ac þat þu menest ich hom forbode.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)212 : Ðe lage us lereð to don god & forbedeð us sinne.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)216/73 : We moue..lete þo ileke þinges þat he forbiet.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10163 : Þe king vorbed ek in þis lond al þe popes playdinge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)9 : Ine þise heste is uorbode roberie.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.115 : He forbeed [vr. forbeod] fastynge in þe Soneday and in þe Þorsday.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.115 : Antiochus..forbedeþ [vr. forbeodeþ] þe sacrefise.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)1005 : Heo doþ al þat he forbat.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2253 : That ilke foule horrible vice Of homicide he hath forbede.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.519 : Forbede vs thyng, and that desiren we.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)145b/b : In olde tyme men forbeden etynge of ham.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)153a/a : Erasistratus..inhibed or forbode fleobotomye of blode.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)736 : Forbede a love, and it is ten so wod.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)158/12 : Þe comaundementis forbeding glotenye.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3833 : The wynes delicat..biren wit and forbeden scilence.
- c1450(c1393) Chaucer Scog.(Benson-Robinson)17 : Hastow not seyd..Swich thing as in the lawe of love forbode is?
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)57/182 : Both dede and thought þei do forbede.
- a1500 3rd Fran.Rule (Seton)45/14 : It is forboden going to eny wondringis, gasingis, or to eny dishonest festis.
1b.
Participles used attributively: (a) forbeding, that prohibits, prohibitory; (b) forboden, not permitted, prohibited; ~ day, a day on which courts of law must be closed; ~ lau, a law which prohibits; ~ night, the evening of a fast-day.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)41/18 : Þanne hit folewiþ in a forbeding wise: 'War þat þou offre nouȝt þyn offrynges in euereche place þat þou seest.'
b
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)41/28 : Ȝe modi menn..ðe ararð upp ðe wraððhes..and te forbodene werȝinginges [read: werȝinges].
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)13b : Eue biheold o þe forboden [Nero: uorbodene] eappel.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.73 : Numa ordeyned..forboden dayes [L nefastos dies].
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.147 : Lemmons and Lotebyes..bringeþ forþ Barnes aȝeyn forbodene [B: forbode] lawes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19861 : Forboden [Frf: forbodin] beistes war in lede.
- a1425 Adam & E.(3) (Wht)92/35 : Þe feend..counseilide hir to ete of þe forboden tre.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.349 : As wel in fastyng-days & frydayes and forboden nyȝtes [cp.PPl.C 7.182: heye-feste euenes], And as wel in lente as oute of lente.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)576 : For he that lyst put in experience fforboode Secrees, I holde hym but a fool.
- (1450) RParl.5.212a : Longe Swerdes, long Debeofs, Boresperes, and all other unmerciable forbodon wepons.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)94/10 : Eleazarus..wold not ete swynys flesch forboden be þe lawe of Moyses.
- a1500 *Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149:Hulme)273a : Whych thorough the forboden fruyte and the deuyl wer dampned to þe dethe.
1c.
(a) To stop or restrain (someone); to control (someone) [quot. Lay.Brut]; (b) ~ (the tongue, the foot) from, to draw back or withhold from (evil-doing).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20579 : Arður forbæd his cnihtes..þat heo liðen stille swulc heo stelen wolden.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)2/14 : Ant tah walde al hire hird folhin hire ouer al, gef wit ne forbude ham.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.3.14 : Joon forbeed hym, sayinge, I owe for to be cristned of thee.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 9.49 : We syȝen sum man castinge out fendis in thi name, and we han forbodyn [WB(2): forbedun] him.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.217 : Iulius forbeed hym and seide, 'Arise nouȝt.'
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)12/4 : Nile ȝe werne him or forbeede him.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Num.11.28 : My lord Moises, forbede [L prohibe; WB(1): defend] thou hem.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Eccl.8.8 : It is not in the power of man to forbede [WB(1): defende; L prohibere] the spirit, nethir he hath power in the dai of deth.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)57/25 : Þerfore wolde he make the temple in þat place, but oure lord forbade him.
- (1447-8) Shillingford44 : The seyde tenants wolde have come afterward..but they wer forbode.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)36/15 : Saynt Amb[ros] come agayn & forbad hym & said.
b
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)59/29 : Forbet ðine tunge fram euele.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.118.101 : I forbeed [WB(1): forfendede] my feet fro al euel weie.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.1.15 : Go thou not with hem; forbede thi foot fro the pathis of hem.
2.
(a) To deny or refuse (something to someone); to make (something) taboo or prohibited; (b) to close or bar (something against someone), to block (a passage, etc., to someone), to defend (a country against an invader); (c) to exclude (someone from a place), deny entrance to (someone).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30129 : Kinges heo weoren ihouene..ah forbode wes þa crune.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.89 : Þey forbedeþ [Higd.(2): enterdite] hire wifes siȝt festes and companye of oþer men.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.394 : He hath ynowh and yit him nedeth, For his skarsnesse it him forbiedeth.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)12351 : God forbede þat [vr. hym þat] tre, Þat he ne shulde ete þer-of, ne she.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)13/8 : We forbeden [Add: forbyde] him wiyn, mylk & eiren & fisch þat engendriþ myche blood.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)47/19 : Þei eten no swynes flessch, for þei saye it es brother to man & it was forboden [Eg: forbedd] be the olde lawe.
- a1450(c1409) Man haue hit (Dgb 102)26 : Richesse and worschep y ȝow forbede.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.21 : Thi mercy thou wylt no man forbede.
- (1435) RParl.4.489a : His vitaill is forboden him in diverse place in this londe, that he may no vitaill have for his moneye.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)472 : Crystyndom forbede i þe!
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)20/79 : Thys frute..thowe hays forbyd.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)376 : Criste haþ forbodun hem þis lordeschip in playne wordis.
- (1457) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)387 : His seid maister had forbod hym þe felisship of þe said Richard Taillour.
- (1471) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2,141 : All maner goodis and marchandises lefull and not forboden.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.241 : I shall forbede ȝou burnesse, þe best on þis erthe, Þat is, gouernance of gettinge and grace þat him follwith.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)66/19 : God had forbedyn vs þat tre.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1436 : Forboden he haueð his deor-frið.
- ?a1300 Thrush & N.(Dgb 86)179 : Fowel, for þi false sawe For-beddi þe þis wode shawe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.3408 : In hevene he fell out of his stede, And Paradis him was forbede.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)21b/b : His wey and passage is forbode & Iwerned by stoppinge of weyes & of smale holes in þe body.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.70 : At his riuyng, þe lond non him forbedde.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)41/28 : Alle oþere places beþ forbode by þe lawe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3399 : But over hegge durst I not goo, For he forbed me the passage.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5620 : Þey hem so þat lond furbed.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5725 : The Troiens tyt turnyt hom agayne, fforbode hom the banke with mony bale dintes.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)47/24 : This bord, fro him forbodyn it is with blame.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)16 : He went nat to the house of his friende lest haply, unknowen at suche tyme, he were forbode the house.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)27 : He þe wule forbeode of his eȝane onsiht.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)27408 : Ah we heom scullen forbeoden mid baldere strengðen.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)45 : He schulde be halden utter..And be forboden þat borȝe.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)1 Cor.9.9 : Þou schalt not forbede þe prechour to lyfe of þe ewangelye þat is of þe prechyng.
- (1449) RParl.5.152b : A nother..shet the gatis of Jerusalem, forbedyng and lettyng utturly the peple to come or holde the Merketts on the Sabot day.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)769 : God wold her wonynge were in wildernesse, And fals freres forboden þe fayre ladis chaumbres.
3.
To announce (a prohibition), to make or proclaim (a prohibitory law).
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)213 : Oc an bodeword ðer he him forbed.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9434 : Þe quilk lagh was forbed adam, For to ete þat frut.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)673 : Ar he Brak þat god him forbaad [Trin-C: forbade; Frf: forbadde], In mikul blis þan was he staad.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6616 : Justinian eke, that made lawes, Hath thus forboden by olde dawes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2830 : He brake goddes commawnment, Þat Josue forbede.
4.
(a) To deny or contradict (something), to oppose (a law, a plan, etc.); (b) to abandon (a custom), forgo or postpone (a festival); (c) to reject (something).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30246 : Men eoden to ræde of swulchere neode; summe hit gonnen ræden, summe to forbeoden.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)325 : Þesne mon we funde vorbeoden vre lawe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)2 Pet.2.16 : A doumbe beest..forbede [L prohibuit] the vnwisdom of the prophet.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)456 : Forto haue lawis and tradiciouns of mennys ordinauncis is a gouernaunce which Holi Scripture werneth not and forbedith not.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.339 : Þe circumsicioun þat was forbode [L intermissam] fourty ȝere in wyldernesse.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.51 : Olympiades..was iholde ones in fyue ȝere, lesth he schulde be forȝete and it we[re] lengere forbode [L ulterius protraherentur].
c
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2700 : Þe maiden he forbede Ȝif it hir wille ware.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)1a/b : Abnuo: to recusen, to aȝen segge, to forbeode.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)37.188 : What Eyleth the now In this Nede thine Owne lif forto forbede?
5.
Med. and surg.: (a) To stop or hinder (a bodily function); to prevent or alleviate (disease, injury, pain); forbeding medicines, preventive medicines; (b) to make (an operation, a treatment) impossible or undesirable.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)65.1/3 : Heo [Artemesia] forbyt yfele lacnunga.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)81.24/4 : Þisse wyrte leaf..þane þurst forbit.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)96a/a : Som tyme þe weyes beþ alle I stoppid and pissinge is al forbode.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)132a/a : Þe siȝt let or forboden of straunge humidite descendyng in to þe eie.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)16a/b : To forbyd þe hede of þe arme to passe out aboue.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)29b/a : Colynge medicynes and forbedynge [*Ch.(1): defensyuez].
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)58b/b : Pilowes..ben made..to forbede þe greuynge of þe byndynges.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)72a/b : Þat the akþe and þe distemperour may be staunchede and þat aposteme be forbeden.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)61b/b : Curyng of hem is sich for to forbede consolidatiuez & desiccatyuez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)153b/b : Alle þo þingez þat febled vertue forbedeþ [*Ch.(2): letten] fleobotomye, as flux of þe wombe & oþer purgacion.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)155a/a : Houre of necessite is in which it bihoueþ to be done & it may not be taried, And in which a prohibitorie þing .i. forbedyng þing [*Ch.(2): forboden thynge] is nouȝt take hede to absolutely & vtterly.
6.
In exclamations: (a) with that clause: God (Christ) ~, as God ~, etc.; (b) with but plus indep. clause; (c) with pronoun objects or absol.: Christ (God) it ~, Christ (Lord) it me ~, drighten (God) ~, as Christ me (the) ~, God (Lord) ~ it elles, als (as, elles, that, which) God ~, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)54 : Crist forbeode þat þov euere swuch folie do!
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)4.157 : God forbeode he fayle!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3064 : But God forbiede that it were In oure daies that he seith.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4372 : Godd forbedd i suld him suike! [Göt: Him to betray, godd forbede it me!]
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)p.8 : But God forbuede hyt þat were so now.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5814 : As God forbede þat any man accuse For so litel any woman euere.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)582 : Nay, God forbede a lovere shulde chaunge!
- (1431-2) Will York in Sur.Soc.3020 : If any chaunce or defaute in werkemanshyp fall, als God forebede yat it do.
- (1442-3) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12146 : If it happyn--as Gode forbeide it do.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)81/9 : God forbede y schulde oþire wise feele.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)7/7 : God forbede þat euer I kyll any man.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)36/53 : God forbede þat we xulde do in ony wyse Ony werke of synful dede.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3681-2 : It for to do cryste me forbede! Forbede it god that euyr I shold..worche so grete vnryght.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)215/376 : Nay certys, God forbeyd that euer shuld we do that deyd!
b
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1610 : But god forbede for his blisful myght, But if a clerk koude doon a gentil dede.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)10 : God forbede but men shulde leve Wel more thing then men han seen with ye!
c
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)20/193 : Alde feond..scheoted niht & dei his earewen..to wundi þe wið wac wil & makien to fallen, as crist te forbeode [Tit: forbede].
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)2b : Ȝe mahten sone--þet godd forbeode ow--fallen i desesperance.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)710 : Nay, crist it forbede!
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.107 : God forbeode hit elles!
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.115 : Crist hit me forbeode!
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3508 : Nay Crist forbede it, for his holy blood!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1121 : Nay, Crist me forbiede! I speke onliche as of the dede, Of which I nevere was coupable.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.136 : If it so bifelle, as god forbede, That thurgh youre deeth youre lyne sholde slake.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1046 : Trouthe is a thyng that I wol euere kepe..In to my graue, and ellys god forbede!
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.148 : Lord it me forbede!
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)275/9 : If it so bifalle--þat God hit forbede!--þat þai bene descomfited in bataile.
- c1410 Trev.Dial.MC (Add 24194)p.11 : God hit forbude!
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.113 : 'God forbede!' quod she, 'be ye mad?'
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.111 : Lorde forbede elles!
- (1425) RParl.4.268b : If ought passe him..to displesaunce of his said gode Lord, ye Erle of Warrewyk--which God forbide!
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)103/18 : God forbede it!
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)374 : Criste forbede it, sire!
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)635 : If we se hir do Oþerwise or wer, als god forbede!
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)792 : That Criste it forbede!
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5590 : Nay, driȝtin forbede!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)177/374 : God forbede! Thefe! thou shedys my chyldys blood!
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1350 Middelerd for mon (Hrl 2253)26 : Vr soule bone so broerli [?read: broþerli] be as berne best þat bale forbeode.
Note: New sense: prevent (evil)
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Clarke Crafte Lymmyng (Sln 73) 203/17 : I forbede þee þat þe jordan be not lenger on þe fier þan þe leyt bigynneþ to wexe rede, for if it be, it is lost al togidere.
Note: Glossary: "forbede v. 1. sg. pr. 'advise (against)'."
Note: ?New sense. Cf. OED forbid, v., sense 2. c. 'with weakened sense: To argue or give one's opinion against.'
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 5.(a)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. forbidding medicine.