Lerner, Gerda. Black Women in White America. New York: Random House, 1973. A ground-breaking historical study. Simson, Rennie. "The Afro-American Female: The Historical Context of the Construction of Sexual Identity." In Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality. Ed. Ann Snitow, Christine Stansell, and Sharon Thompson. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1983. Through nineteenth-century slave narratives and other autobiographical writings by black women, the author traces the historical construction of black female sexual self, a self which could rely only on herself for survival. V. Black Women: Sociological Studies Almquist, Elizabeth, M. "Black Women and the Pursuit of Equality." In Women: A Feminist Perspective. Palo Alto: Mayfield Publishing, 1979 (second edition), 430-450. Essay is flawed by insistence on primacy of sexism over racism in black women's oppression. Ladner, Joyce A. Tomorrow's Tomorrow: The Black Woman. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. An early sociological study which focuses on institutional racism and sexism as they impact the lives of black women. Nobel, Jeanne. Beautiful, Also, Are the Souls of My Black Sisters: A History of the Black Woman in America. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978. An unscholarly and at times factually incorrect tribute to the strength of black women from African origins to present. Powell, Linda C. "Black Macho and Black Feminism." In Home Girls, ed. B. Smith. New York: Kitchen Table Women of Color Press, 1983, 283-292. Review of Michelle Wallace's Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman. Emphasizes shortcomings of the book and the need for a feminist analysis of the relationships between black men, women and children. Rodgers-Rose, La Frances. The Black Woman. Beverly Hills: Safe Publications, 1980. Stack, Carol. All Our Kin: Strategies for Survival in a Black Community. New York: Harper & Row, 1974. Analysis of the structure and function of the black American family from a woman's perspective, debunking many of the myths of the black family. Terrelonge, Pauline. "Feminist Consciousness and Black Women." In Women: A Feminist Perspective, ed. Jo Freeman. Palo Alto: Mayfield Publishing, 1979, 575-588. Essay over-emphasizes the commonality of the sexism which oppresses both white and black women in an attempt to counter the view that racism is black women's primary source of oppression.