General studies : November, 1967 / by John C. Ayers, Joseph C. K. Huang.

26

of U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 75. They
mile:
Distances North:
South Haven.......................
Benton Harbor......................
St. Joseph.........................
Distances South:
Bridgman...........................
Orchard Beach......................
New Buffalo........................
Grand Beach........................
Michiana...........................
Unknown............................
Michigan City.....................

are, to the nearest half32 miles
11 miles
9 miles
2-1/2 miles
ca 7 miles
16 miles
18 miles
19 miles
22 miles
25 miles

To the north the outflow of the St. Joseph River interposes
a pnysical and dynamic barrier to further progress of effluent
northward along the shore. The river effluent turns northward
under southerly winds and interposes itself between the beach and
the current from the south, which has to swing out around the
breakwaters. Mixing between river and alongshore current, also,
begins at the tip of the breakwaters.
For reasons discussed in a later section we believe that
cooled and diluted effluent from the plant could, under lightwind conditions when plumes are more coherent and less diluted,
reach the water intakes at Bridgman and at Orchard Beach.
In the cases of Bridgman and Orchard Beach, there appear to
be two circumstances contributing to minimization of nuisance
from arrival of the plant effluent. First, on the basis of
present evidence, the southerly and southwesterly prevailing
winds of summer (when worst conditions may be expected) produce
northward currents that will carry the effluent away from Bridgman