Memoirs of John Adams Dix; comp. by his son, Morgan Dix.

1845-1853.] THE THREAT TO DISSOLVE THE UNlION.

207

extent the exclusive control of each State over the question
within the limits of its own jurisdiction, its right to be protected from interference and intermeddling within its own
borders; it was he who introduced resolutions at the first
meeting ever held at the North in opposition to the movements of the Abolitionists. Nevertheless, he and those
whom he represented were accused of aggression, because
they would not consent to the extension of slavery to free
territory. This the North would not agree to. There was
a universal opinion on that subject pervading the whole
North and West. Consent would never be given to the extension of slavery beyond its present limits. It was regarded
by all parties as involving a principle which rose far above
the fleeting interests of the day-a principle which the North
should not be asked to yield.
General Dix referred to the threats then openly made of
the dissolution of the Union. He said:
"I can hardly think those who so connect the two subjects
are aware of the position in which they place themselves. It
is virtually declaring that unless we will consent to bring free
territory into the Union, and leave it open to the extension of
slavery, the Union shall be dissolved. Our Southern friends
have heretofore stood upon the ground of defence; of maintaining slavery within their own limits against interference
from without. The ground of extension is now taken, and
of extending slavery upon free territory. I cannot believe
this position will be sustained by the Southern States. It is
new ground, and is taken with avowals which are calculated
to spread surprise and alarm throughout the non-slaveholding
states.... I say for the State of New York, and in her name
-I believe I do not misunderstand her resolutions-that she
can never consent to become a party to the extension of slavery to free territory on this continent. If it is to be extended to new areas-areas now consecrated to free labor-the
work must be done by other hands than hers; and she must