How to parse. ...

RULES AND DEFINITIONS.

xxxi

39. Whenever language is irregular, there is some cause for
the irregularity (192).
40. The three principal causes of irregularity are I. Desire of
brevity; II. Colflusion of two constructions; III. Desire to
avoid harshness of sound or of construction (198).
41. A Simple Sentence is a sentence that has only one Subject and only one Stating, Questioning, or Commanding Verb
(245).
42. When several Simple Sentences are connected by "and,"
"but." "so," "then," &c., so that each sentence is, as it were,
independent, and of the same rank as the rest, each is called
a co-ordinate Sentence 1 (246).
43. A Compound Sentence is a Sentence made up of Coordinate Sentences (247).
44. When a number of Sentences are connected by Conjunctions that are not Co-ordinate, the Sentence that is not introduced by a Conjunction is called the Principal Sentence (248).
45. Sentences connected with a Principal Sentence by Conjunctions that are not Co-ordinate are called Sub-ordinate1
(249).
46. A Complex Sentence, is the whole Sentence formed by
the combination of the Principal and Subordinate Sentences
(250).
47. When a word passes from one form to another, a letter
is often changed or doubled in order to preserve the original
sound (266).
48. Final -e is dropped before an affix beginning'with a
vowel, but retained before an affix beginning with a consonant
(270).
49. A monosyllable ending in -11, when followed by an affix
beginning with a consonant, or when itself used as an affix,
generally drops one -1 (275).
50. If the termination of a word is a consonant preceded by
a vowel, then, on receiving an affix beginning with a vowel, the
final consonant in the word is doubled, provided that the word
is a monosyllable, or accented on the last syllable (277).
51 When a word is separated from its grammatical adjunct
by any intervening Phrase, the Phrase should be preceded and
followed by a comma 2 (224).
1 The mark of a Subordinate Sentence is that when preceded by
its Conjunction, it cannot generally stand as a Sentence by itself.
A Co-ordinate Sentence can thus stand by itself.
2 For words, i iioms, &c., the pupil is referred to the Alphabetical
Index at the end of the book.