How to parse. ...

296 ENGLISH LANGUAGE. [Par. 543-545.

are of Class (1), but some relate to (3) petty
trade:
(1) Bonnet, bucket, button, chemise, mitten, gown,
ribbon, bag, basin, barrel, pot, varlet, vassal,
rogue, car, cart, gravel, marl, bran.
(3) Bargain, barter.
543 Danish. -Several words in common use, e.g.
"scold," " shy," " sly," "fellow," "cake," "call,"
"cast," are of Scandinavian origin; as also is -by
in " Derby," " Appleby," &c., meaning "town."
"Are," the 3rd Pers. Plur. Pres. of " be " is also
Danish.
544 French. -French words came into the language
in small numbers until the thirteenth and fourteenth
centuries; then they were plentifully introduced,
e.g. in Chaucer's time. The earlier importations
were mostly terms of war, religion, and literature.
But in the fourteenth century there was an influx
of the technical terms of law, art, commerce, medicine, astrology, and the other sciences; and these
technical terms (compare the history of Latin technical terms, such as "influence," " triumph ") when
incorporated in the language often assumed metaphorical and wider meanings.1
545 Latin (First Period), A.D. 43-426. - From the
Roman occupation we have borrowed -cester ("camp"),
1 See English Lessonsfor English People, Paragraph 37, page 51.