How to parse. ...

Par. 358-360.] "BY," "FOR."

215

" he-self;" in Apposition to the Subject, but a kind
of Adverb formed out of the Dative Case of " he."
Consequently "by himself " is simply a Prepositional
equivalent of the old Case-Adverb.
358 4. " For," radical meaning "before," "in front
of;" hence (as a champion may fight in front of; or
in the place oJ; the person he is championing) " instead of," i.e. in the stead or place of,1 " as ":
(1) "She passedfor his sister."
(2) "This was meantfor a joke."
359 Hence, "for the purpose of," and hence, "considered for the purpose of," or "having regard
to ":(3) "Fit for food."
(4) "Small for his size."
(5) "These apples are too sourfor eating," i.e. "for
the purpose of eating, the apples are too sour."
Hence, " for the sake of," " because of ":(6) " All kept away for fear of infection."
(7) "For shame," i.e. " (I cry alack) because of
shame."
Some exclamation has to be supplied, and was
often inserted in Old English.
363 It is easy to see how, after a negative, "for"
may assume the meaning of " despite of ":(8) " He was not liked for his good temper," or
(9) "He was disliked for all his good temper."
1 Hence ' I buy an applefor, i.e. in the place of, or sell itfor, i.e.
for the sake of, a penny."